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AP Gov: Court Cases
Important course cases to know for the AP Gov and Pol test.
| Case Name | Case Description |
|---|---|
| McCulloch v. Maryland | Federal "implied powers" supreme; federal banks are allowed |
| Marbury v. Madison | Judicial review established |
| Gibbons v. Ogden | Commerce Clause gives Congress broad powers |
| Dred Scott v. Sanford | Slaves are not citizens, they are property |
| Munn v. Illinois | Feds can regulate business crossing state lines |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | "Separate But Equal" is allowed for state law |
| Schenk v. U.S. | "Clear and Present Danger Test" to limit speech |
| Gitlow v. New York | Puts limits on "anarchy" but free speech is incorporated |
| Near v. Minnesota | No "prior restraint" of the freedom of press |
| Korematsu v. U.S. | Government can detain citizens in emergencies |
| Brown v. Board of Education | Overturned Plessy ruling in public school |
| Roth v. U.S. | Obscenity is not free speech |
| Mapp v. Ohio | Warrants needed for evidence to be used (exclusion) |
| Baker v. Carr | State appointment must be "one man=one note |
| Engel v. Vitale | No school-led prayer in public school |
| Gideon v. Wainright | States must provide attorneys in state courts |
| Heart of Atlanta v. U.S. | Commerce Clause applies to private business/interstate activities |
| Griswold v. Connecticut | Information about birth control is a private right |
| Miranda v. Arizona | Police must explain rights at the time of arrest |
| Terry v. Ohio | Police can search and seize with probable cause |
| Lemon v. Kurtzman | Some government aid to church schools is allowed |
| N.Y. Times v. U.S. | No prior restraint of the stolen Pentagon Papers |
| Miller v. California | Community standards determine obscenity |
| Roe v. Wade | First Trimester abortions legal as medical privacy |
| U.S. v. Nixon | Executive privilege does not extend to criminal cases |
| Gregg v. Georgia | Death penalty upheld within 8th amendment |
| Buckley v. Valeo | Campaign money has limits, but independent and personal money is allowed |
| Regents v. Bakke | Affirmative action at colleges is okay, but limited |
| New Jersey v. TLO | School searches w/o warrants are okay |
| Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier | School newspapers can be edited by teachers or administrators |
| Texas v. Johnson | Flag burning is a form of political speech |
| Planned Parenthood v. Casey | States can put some restrictions on Roe rights |
| Santa Fe ISD v. Doe | No school led prayer at extracurricular events |
| Gratz v. Bollinger | No racial quotas allowed, but race can be considered |
| Craig v. Boren | Classifications based on gender are not allowed |
| Dartmouth College v. Woodward | Upholds the sanctity of contracts. Legislation can not interfere |
| Brandenburg v. Ohio | Cannot prohibit public speech that advocates various illegal activities (Advocating doesn't mean it will happen) |
| Duncan v. Louisiana | Guarantees the right to a trial by jury where a sentence of at least two years is involved |
| Palko v. Connecticut | 14 amendment does NOT extend all of Bill of Rights to states. Only fundamental rights |
| Abington School District v. Schempp | Devotional Bible reading in public schools is not allowed |
| Wesberry v. Sanders | House districts must be as near equal in population as possible |
| Epperson v. Arkansas | States cannot ban the teaching of evolution |
| Furman v. Georgia | State death penalties CAN be considered cruel and unusual punishment |
| Webster v. Reproductive Health Services | More leeway for states in regulation abortion |
| Bush v. Gore | Use of the 14th amendment's equal protection clause to stop Florida recount in the election of 2000 |
| Parker v. Gladden | Right to an impartial jury |
| Barron v. Baltimore | Private property cannot be taken for public use without just compensation |
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kctwirler1
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