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4a vocabulary
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| amend | to change |
| Articles of Confederation | the first American Constitution, passed in 1777, which created a loose alliance of 13 independent states |
| Anti-federalists | an opponent of a strong federal government |
| Bill of Rights | a written list of freedoms the government promises to protect |
| cede | to give up |
| constitution | a document that sets out the laws, principles, organization, and processes of a government |
| Constitutional Convention | the gathering of state representatives on May 25, 1787 to revise the Articles of Confederation |
| depression | a period when business activity slows, prices and wages fall, and unemployment rises |
| English Bill of Rights | a 1689 document that guaranteed the rights of English citizens |
| federalists | a supporter of a strong federal government |
| Federalist Papers | a series of essays by Federalists, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay in support of ratifying the Constitution |
| Great Compromise | a plan at the Constitutional Convention that settled the differences between large and small states |
| Land Ordinance of 1785 | a law that set up a system for settling the Northwest Territory |
| Magna Carta | a British document signed in 1215 that contained 2 basic ideas: monarchs themselves have to obey laws, and citizens have basic rights |
| New Jersey Plan | the plan at the Constitutional Convention, favored by small states, that called for 3 branches of government with a single-chamber legislature |
| Northwest Ordinance | a 1787 law that set up a government for the Northwest Territory |
| Shay's Rebellion | a 1786 revolt in Massachusetts led by farmers in reaction to high taxes |
| Separation of Powers | a principle by which the powers of government are divided among separate branches |
| 3/5 Compromise | an agreement at the Constitutional Convention that three-fifths of the enslaved residents in any state be counted in its population |
| Virginia Plan | the plan at the Constitutional Convention that called for a strong national government with 3 branches and a 2-chamber legislature |