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Chapter 13

Sociology 3e

QuestionAnswer
activity theory a theory which suggests that for individuals to enjoy old age and feel satisfied, they must maintain activities and find a replacement for the statuses and associated roles they have left behind as they aged
age stratification theory a theory which states that members of society are stratified by age just as they are stratified by race, class and gender
ageism discrimination based on age
baby boomers people in the United States born between approximately 1946 and 1964
centenarians people 100 years old or older
cohort a group of people who share a statistical or demographic trait
continuity theory a theory which states that the elderly make specific choices to maintain consistency internal (personality structure, beliefs) and external structures (relationships), remaining active and involved throughout their elder years
dependency ratio the number of nonproductive citizens (young, disabled, elderly) to productive working citizens
disengagement theory a theory which suggests that withdrawing from society and social relationships is a natural part of growing old
elder abuse the act of a caretaker intentionally depriving an older person of care or harming the person in their charge
exchange theory a theory which suggests that we experience an increased dependence as we age and must increasingly submit to the will of others, because we have fewer ways of compelling others to submit to us
filial piety deference and respect to one's parents and ancestors in all things
geriatrics a medical specialty focusing on the elderly
gerontocracy a type of social structure wherein the power is held by a society's oldest members
geronlolotgy a field of science that seeks to understand the process of aging and the challenges encountered as seniors grow older
gerotranscendence the idea that as people age, the transcend limited views of life the held in earlier times
grief a psychological, emotional, and social response to the feelings of loss that accompanies death of or similar event
hospice healthcare that treats terminally ill people by providing comfort during the dying process
life course the period from birth to death, including a sequence of predictable life events
life expectancy the number of years a newborn is expected to live
modernization theory a theory which suggests that the primary cause of the elderly losing power and influence in society are the parallel forces of industrialization and modernization
physician-assisted suicide the voluntary use of lethal medication provided by a medical doctor to end one's life
primary aging biological factors such as molecular and cellular changes
secondary aging aging that occurs due to controllable factors like exercise and dies
selective optimization with compensation theory a theory based on the idea that successful personal development throughout the life course and subsequent mastery of the challenges associated with everyday life are based on the components of selection, optimization, and compensation
senescence the aging process, including biological, intellectual, emotional, social, and spiritual changes
social gerontology a specialized field of gerontology that examines the social and (sociological) aspects of aging
subculture of aging theory a theory that focuses on the shared community created by the elderly when they are excluded (due to age), voluntarily or involuntarily, from participating in other groups
supercentenarians people 110 of age or older
thanatology the systematic study of death and dying
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