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RELIEF
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Mountain | natural elevations of land that are high. Groups of related mountains form a mountain system. Young mountains are formed recently, they have little erosion; old mountains have more rounded features, due to greater erosion, they are lower. |
| Valley | long depression in the surface of the land. Valleys generally form as a result of the action of water or ice on the ground. |
| Plateau | high areas, above 300 m, with a relatively flat surface. They can have some areas of uneven terrain, resulting from the total erosion of old mountain ranges. |
| Depression | landforms sunken below the surrounding area. |
| Plain | flat land near rivers o coasts, where sedimentary deposits have accumulated in recent times. These deposits come from areas of high relief (mountains or plateaus) and have been carried there by water and in the air. |
| Peninsula | area of land that is almost completely surrounded by sea. It is connected to the coast by just a narrow strip of land. This strip of land is called an isthmus. |
| Cape | large area of land that stretches out into the sea. |
| Gulf | large area of sea between two capes. A similar area on a smaller scale is called a bay. |
| Continental shelf | A gently sloping plain that extends from a continent and which can be up to 200 metres deep. Its width varies, being narrower at the foot of mountains and wider offshore from plains. |
| Continental slope | The steep slope at the end of the continental shelf. |
| Abyssal plain | Underwater plains, found at great depths (4000 or 5000m below the surface). Area of flat seafloor at a depth of -4000m.Most of the ocean floor is of this type. |
| Oceanic trench | very deep parts of the ocean, which can reach depths of over 11,000 m. They are close to continents and correspond to the area where tectonic plates meet in a subduction zone. Found in areas with islands of volcanic origin, (Japan and the Philippines). |
| Mid-ocean ridge | underwater mountain ranges with a height of up to 3000 m, made of volcanic rock. At the points where they are visible above the water, they form islands and archipelagos (Azores or Iceland). |
| Mountain System | group of mountains that are related. |
| Mountain Range | a part of a mountais system (group of mountains). (cordillera) |
| Hill | natural elevation not veri high. |
| Cliff | high, steep area of rock which suddenly meets the sea. |
| Delta | body of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river |
| Island | piece of land surrounded by the sea. |
| Archipielago | group of islands. |
| Isthmus | narrow strip of land that connects a peninsula with the mainland or the continent. |
| beach | flat piece of land located between the land and sea. |
Created by:
M Angeles Román
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