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Biology Flashcards

Unit 1

TermDefinition
Atom The basic units of matter.
Element A pure substance which cannot be broken down by a chemical.
Molecule An electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
Compound Made up or consisting of two or more existing parts or elements.
Atomic Number The atomic number uniquely identifies a chemical element.
Mass Number The total number of protons and neutrons in an atomic nucleus.
Atomic Wight The mass of an atom.
Valence Electron The outer shell electron that is associated with an atom.
Electron Has a charge of negative electricity and is found in all atoms.
Proton Has a charge of positive electricity and is found in all atoms.
Neutron Has a neutral charge of electricity and is found in all atoms.
Isotope
Radioisotope An atom that has excess nuclear energy, making it unstable.
Electron Configuration The electron configuration is the distribution of electrons.
Bond A strong force of attraction holding atoms together.
Polar Bond A covalent bond between two atoms where the electrons forming the bond are unequally distributed.
Nonpolar Bond A type of bond that occurs when two atoms share a pair of electrons with each other.
Solvent A solvent is a substance that dissolves a solute.
Solution A mixture composed of two or more substances.
Solute A solute is a substance dissolved in another substance.
Hydrophobic A property that fails to mix with water.
Hydrophilic A property that mixes with water.
Amino acid The structural units that make up proteins.
Nucleotide Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids.
Peptide bond A bond that links two consecutive amino acids.
Lipid Organic compounds that are fatty acids.
Saturated fat A type of dietary fat.
Saccaride Another word for sugar.
Specific heat The heat required to raise the temperature of the unit mass of a given substance.
Created by: aochoa4313
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