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UNIT IV
Growth of Democracy
Term | Definition |
---|---|
George Washington | 1st President of the United States; commander-in-chief of the Continental Army during the American Revolution (1732-1799) |
cabinet | advise the leader |
political parties | an organized group of people who have the same ideas and who support candidates for elections in an attempt to get them elected and thereby implement the party's agenda. |
Washington's Farewell Address | Urged Americans to avoid excessive political party spirit and geographical distinctions. In foreign affairs, he warned against long-term alliances with other nations. |
John Adams | One of the Founding Fathers, signer of the Declaration of Independence, second president and Alien and Sedition Acts were passed while he was president. |
Alien and Sedition Act | Four laws that restricted the activities of foreign residents in the country and limited freedom of speech and of the press when US was afraid of war with France. |
Election of 1800 | Vice President Thomas Jefferson of the Democratic-Republican Party defeated incumbent President John Adams of the Federalist Party. |
Thomas Jefferson | 3rd President of the United States; chief drafter of the Declaration of Independence; made the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 and sent out the Lewis and Clark Expedition |
frontier | settled land beyond which lies wilderness |
pioneers | a person who is among the first to explore or settle a new country or area. |
Louisiana Purchase | US purchased Louisiana territory from France for $15 million. |
Lewis and Clark Expedition | Sent by Thomas Jefferson to explore the northwestern territories of the US; led by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark; traveled from St. Louis to the mouth of the Columbia River from 1803 to 1806 |
Sacagewea | Shoshone guide and interpreter: accompanied Lewis and Clark expedition. |
Marbury v. Madison | (1803) the Supreme Court announced for the first time the principle that a court may declare an act of Congress void if it is inconsistent with the Constitution. |
James Madison | Afounding father of the United States and the fourth American president; led US into War of 1812 with Great Britain. |
War of 1812 | Caused by British restrictions on U.S. trade and America's desire to expand its territory. |
Oliver Hazard Perry | Led the fleet that defeated the British on Lake Erie during the War of 1812 |
Ft. McHenry | Successfully defended Baltimore Harbor from an attack by the British navy from the Chesapeake Bay; where Francis Scott Key wrote the Star Spangled Banner (national anthem) |
Battle of New Orleans | U.S. General Andrew Jackson led US to victory and the signing of the Treaty of Ghent which ended the War of 1812. |
Tecumseh | American Indian chief of the Shawnee tribe. He attempted to unite western Indian tribes against the White people, but was defeated at Tippecanoe (1811). He was killed while fighting for the British in the War of 1812. |
War Hawks | American favoring war with Great Britain. |
Henry Clay | Kentuckian Whig responsible for the Missouri Compromise between free and slave states. |
Missouri Compromise | Admitted Missouri to the Union as a slave state and Maine as a free state. |