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UNIT III
Constitution
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Great Compromise | Adopted at the Constitutional Convention that established a two-house Congress where House of Representatives was based on population and there were two senators from every state. |
| Articles of Confederation | First written plan of government for the US. A confederation is an association of states that cooperate for a common purpose. |
| US Constitution | The supreme law of the United States of America that outlines the government. |
| Ratify | To formally approve a plan or an agreement. |
| Legislative Branch | The part of the government that makes (writes) the laws. (Congress) |
| Executive Branch | The part of the government that carries out, or executes, the laws. (President) |
| Judicial Branch | The part of the government that interprets the laws. (Supreme and lower courts) |
| Inflation | a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money. |
| Shay's Rebellion | An uprising led by a former militia officer which broke out in western Massachusetts in 1786. Theyprotested the foreclosures of farms for debt and briefly succeeded in shutting down the court system. |
| Northwest Ordinance of 1787 | Region given to the US by the Treaty of Paris in 1783. |
| delegates | A person sent or authorized to represent others, in particular an elected representative sent to a conference. |
| Constitutional Convention | A meeting held in Philadelphia in 1787 at which delegates from the states wrote the US Constitution. |
| Virginia Plan | A plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a legislature of two houses with proportional representation in each house and executive and judicial branches to be chosen by the legislature. (Favored large states) |
| New Jersey Plan | A plan, unsuccessfully proposed at the Constitutional Convention, providing for a single legislative house with equal representation for each state. (Favored small states) |
| Three-Fifths compromise | An agreement made at the Constitutional Convention stated that enslaved persons would be counted as three-fifths a person when determing the state's population in the house of representatives. |
| Preamble | Introduction of the US Constitution that clearly communicates the intentions of the framers and the purpose of the document. |
| reserved powers | A political power that a constitution reserves exclusively to the jurisdiction of a particular political authority. |
| separation of powers | Division of government responsibilities into distinct branches to limit any one branch from exercising the core functions of another. The intent is to prevent the concentration of power in one branch. |
| checks and balances | The system that allows each branch of government to limit the powers of the other two branches. |
| veto | A constitutional right to reject a decision or proposal made by a law-making body. |
| Federalists | A person who advocates or supports a system of government in which several states unite under a central authority. |
| Anti-federalists | A person who opposed the adoption of the U.S. Constitution. |
| amendment | A change to the US Constitution. |
| Bill of Rights | A formal listing of the basic rights of US citizens. |
| rule of law | The Supreme Court has the ultimate authority and these laws are above all others. |
| popular sovereignty | The idea that the government's power comes from the people. |
| federalism | The constitutional system that shares power between the national and state governments. |
| republicanism | A representative form of government organization. |
Created by:
MWilliams2021
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