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VOCABULARY ROME
DEFINITIONS UNIT 7 (ROME)
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| altar | a table used in religious rituals, such as making sacrifices to the gods. |
| bust | a sculpture of a person's head, shoulders and chest. |
| canon | a series of artistic rules for sculptors to follow in the classical world. |
| column | a tall, upright support for a building. |
| comedy | theatrical genre that recreates the joyful aspects of daily life and ends happily. |
| concrete | a building material made from small stones and fragments of brick. |
| demigod | a mortal born from the union between a god and a human being. |
| forum | the public square in the centre of a Roman town that was used as a meeting place. |
| heritage | society's inheritance from the past in the form of buildings, culture, etc. |
| legacy | something that has been handed down from the past. |
| mausoleum | a large tomb, used to house the remains of important people or wealthy citizens. |
| mosaic | a decorative work on a wall or floor, made of small pieces of ceramic or glass. |
| omen | an event believed to be a sign (either good or bad) of the future. |
| oracle | a sacred place where people consulted the gods. |
| orders | the various characteristic styles of classical architecture. |
| pantheon | the group name for all of the Greek or Roman gods. Also a domed, circular temple in Rome. |
| persecute | to treat someone badly because of their race, religion or beliefs. |
| prayer | a request to a god or deity. tragedy (n): a dramatic genre in classical theatre that showed the downfall of a heroic figure. truce (n): an agreement to stop hostilities during a war |
| tragedy | a dramatic genre in classical theatre that showed the downfall of a heroic figure. |
| truce | an agreement to stop hostilities during a war |
| amphitheatre | an open-air, semi-circular structure built on a hillside in which many people could watch theatre or sporting events. |
| aqueduct | a type of bridge built to transport water overland into a town or city. |
| clan | a close community of families with a shared culture and identity. |
| circus | a large, open-air stadium where people watched chariot races. |
| colonisers | the people who established communities in foreign lands. |
| courtyard | a central, open-air part of a building. |
| domus | a large urban house owned by a wealthy Roman citizen. |
| governor | a person who controlled the province and collected taxes. |
| insula | an apartment building with more than one floor where Rome's lower classes lived. |
| latifundium | a large rural estate. |
| mining | the process of extracting minerals from the ground. |
| occupy | to have total political, legal and military control over a foreign population or territory. |
| pater familias | the male head of a Roman family. |
| plough | an agricultural tool that prepares the soil for planting. |
| surrender | to agree to stop fighting as a result of defeat. |
| toga | an item of clothing worn by Roman citizens, made from a single piece of material that covered the whole body apart from the right arm. |
| triclinium | the room and the sofas where Romans reclined while they ate. |
| tunic | an item of clothing, usually sleeveless, that reached down to the knees. |
| Visigoths | the Central European tribe that established a kingdom in Hispania from the 6th century AD, which lasted over 200 years. |
| patrician | Minority of aristocratic families citizens of Rome that controlled the government. They made laws, exercised justice and monopolised public positions. |
| plebeian | numerous citizen of Rome, peasants, traders, artisians with NO political rights, paid taxes and had to join the army. |
| freedmen | ex-slaves who had won, bought or been given their freedom. Many people were slaves. |
| emperor | the ruler who had total authority over the Roman Empire. |
| Senate | (300). They ratified the laws passed in the assemblies, directed foreign policy and finences and advised the magistrates. |
| Republic | (from 6th to 1st century, government by the institutions of Senate, Magistrates and assemblies. Women, poor citizens and foreigners and slaves did NOT have political rigths. |
| assembly | political institution made up of Roman citizens, which made laws and elected public officials (more an oligarchy than a democracy). |
| magistrate | members controlled by the Senate (superiors: consuls, praetors, censors) (inferior: aediles, quaestors, plebeian tribune) |
| Luperca (Capitoline wolf) | name of the she-wolf that nursed and saved Romulus and Remus |
| Romulus | the first king of Rome (legendary origin of Rome) |
| SPQR | Senate and People of Rome (government of the Republic) |
Created by:
M Angeles Román
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