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HST316B Unit 5
21st Century
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| dot-com boom | the rapid economic growth in the latter half of the 1990s spurred by the spread of personal computers and the Internet |
| ethnic cleansing | the systematic expulsion or killing of a minority ethnic group within a country |
| genocide | the deliberate and systematic destruction of a racial, political, religious, or cultural group |
| globalization | trend toward increased integration and interconnectedness among nations, especially in business |
| New Democrats | members of the Democratic Party who moved toward more moderate policies, such as smaller government and progrowth economic policies, during the 1990s |
| North American Free Trade Agreement | (NAFTA) 1993 treaty that created a free-trade zone among the United States, Mexico, and Canada |
| offshoring | the transfer of jobs to overseas facilities to take advantage of lower wages or taxes, or less regulation |
| Operation Enduring Freedom | the military campaign in Afghanistan to capture Osama bin Laden and other al-Qaeda leaders and remove the Taliban regime |
| Operation Iraqi Freedom | the military campaign to remove Saddam Hussein from power in Iraq and discover and destroy suspected weapons of mass destruction |
| Oslo Accords | a set of agreements, signed in Oslo, Norway, in 1993, between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization to set up a framework for further negotiations |
| Palestine Liberation Organization | (PLO) organization established by Arab leaders in 1964 to represent Palestinians and help them regain lands they lost in 1948 with the creation of Israel; has often conducted guerrilla attacks against Israel |
| Patriot Act | legislation passed in response to the September 11, 2001, attacks and giving federal agencies increased powers to monitor e-mail and phones, search homes and cars, and detain non-citizens |
| preemptive war | a war in which a nation strikes first to overcome a perceived threat before the threat grows worse |
| Al Qaeda | Islamist terrorist organization founded by Osama bin Laden in the late 1980s |
| Shi’ites | members of the smaller of the two branches of Islam, Muslims who believe that the successor of Muhammad should always be a descendant of the Prophet Muhammad’s family |
| Silicon Valley | near San Francisco, California, known for its silicon chip manufacturers, high-tech startup companies, and engineers |
| Sunnis | members of the far larger of the two branches of Islam, Muslims who believe the caliph should be the most capable Muslim and not necessarily a descendant of Muhammad’s family |
| Taliban | extremist Islamist regime that came to power in Afghanistan in the mid-1990s, after the Soviet withdrawal, and demanded strict adherence to Islamic law, banned many so-called Western behaviors, and brutally suppressed women’s rights |
| tariff | a tax on imports |
| terrorism | the planned use of violence to strike fear into people or governments to obtain political goals |
| weapons of mass destruction | (WMDs)weapons that have the potential to kill large numbers of people, such as nuclear, chemical, and biological weapons |
Created by:
mandy.safriet
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