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S2 Study Guide
US History
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| FDR's Main Goals in Fighting the Depression | "3 Rs": relief for the unemployed and poor, recovery of the economy back to normal levels, and reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression |
| Years for the Great Depression | August 1929 – March 1933 |
| Causes of the Great Depression | The stock market crash of 1929 Banking panics and monetary contraction The gold standard Decreased international lending and tariffs |
| New Deal | President Franklin's program to alleviate the problems of the Great Depression focusing on relief for the needy, economic recovery, and financial reform |
| Shanty Towns | A neighborhood in which people live in makeshift shacks |
| What Event Brought an End to the Great Depression | Ended with the advent of World War II |
| Roosevelt's Fireside Chats Impact | On radio, he was able to quell rumors and explain his policies. His tone and demeanor communicated self-assurance during times of despair and uncertainty |
| Why did voters vote for Roosevelt over Hoover | Despite poor economic conditions due to the Great Depression, Hoover faced little opposition at the 1932 Republican National Convention |
| Why Was the New Deal a Turning Point in US History | Economic responsibilities of the national government- extended the fed government’s responsibility the public welfare/ established contemporary models for future Democratic U.S. Presidents in direct job creation/financial assistance to the poor/vulnerable |
| Holocaust | The systematic murder- genocide- of Jews and other groups in Europe by the Nazis before/during WW2 |
| How many Jews Were Killed During the Holocaust | 5.4 million to 5.8 million |
| What Religious Group was Killed by Germans in Concentration Camps | Jews, Soviet Civilians/POWs, Poles, Serbs, Disabled, Romani, Freemasons, Slovenes, Homosexuals, Spanish Republicans, Jehovah's Witnesses |
| Under German Rule, before Concentration CAmps, Where Were Jews Forced to Live | Ghettos |
| Genocide | The deliberate/systematic extermination of a particular racial, national, religious group |
| What Happened to Hitler in the End | Died in his bunker |
| In Addition the the Gas Chambers, How did Nazis Kill Off the Jews | Starved, shot, worked to death, crematoriums, medical experimentation, infections |
| During the Holocaust, How Were Families Separated | Depending on gender and age, right before going into trains |
| Annihilation | Complete destruction /obliteration |
| What is the Name for the Laws that Began to Take Away the Rights of German Jews | Anti-Jewis Legislation |
| Democracy | A system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives |
| Fascism | A political philosophy that advocates a strong, centralized, nationalistic government headed by a powerful dictator |
| Bitzkrieg | German word meaning "lightning war" - sudden massive attack combined air/ground forces, intended to achieve quick victory |
| Kamikaze | Involving/engaging in the deliberate crashing of a bomb-filled airplane into military target |
| Axis Powers | Group of Nations- Germany, Italy, Japan - opposed Allies in WW2 |
| Why Did US Decide to Stay Isolated from Foreign Affairs When WW2 Started | The Neutrality Acts kept out of the war for the time being/allowed limited trade- end of neutrality policy came with the Lend Lease Act- to sell, lend, or give war materials to nations the administration wanted to support. U.S. propaganda on World War II |
| Pearl Harbor Events | surprise aerial attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor by Japanese -the entry of the United States into World War II- worsening relations between the United States and Japan |
| Why did Great Britain and France Declare War on Germany | Hitler's invasion of Poland |
| What Event Caused the US to Enter WW2 | Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor |
| Under what Plan did the US Provide Massive Financial Aid to Rebuild European Economies and Prevent the Spread of Communism | The Marshall Plan |
| Capitalist / Communist / Dictatorial / Socialist | economic system- means of production and distribution are privately or corporately owned/ all property is publicly owned- each person works/paid according to their abilities/needs / a ruler with total power / political/economic organization - advocates |
| Baby Boom | The sharp increase in the US birthrate following the WW2 |
| Similarities Between the US and the Soviet Union During the Cold War | Wanted peace but for different reasons yet kinda based of independence and politics |
| Cold War Time Period | 1947 - 1991 |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | Heightened confrontation between the Soviet Union, the United States, and Cuba during the Cold War. |
| A State of Tension Between the US and SU Without Actual Fighting | Cold War |
| The War That Created Divisiveness Among Americans Throughout the 1960s | Vietnam War |
| How did Women Help in WW2 | Worked in factories producing munitions, building ships, aeroplanes, in the auxiliary services as air-raid wardens, fire officers and evacuation officers, as drivers of fire engines, trains and trams, as conductors and as nurses |
| What Kind of Policy did Martin L King Jr and other Members of SCLC Encourage | Nonviolent protest |
| Freedom Riders | One of the civil rights activists who rode buses through the South in the early 1960s to challenge segregation |
| Malcolm X | African American leader in the civil rights movement, minister and supporter of black nationalism |
| Sit-Ins | A form of demonstration used by African-Americans to protest discrimination, in which the protesters sit down in a segregated business and refuse to leave until they are served |
| Civil Rights and MLK | Rights banning discrimination on basis of race, sex, national origin, or religion in public, housing, and most workplaces - An African-American Activist |
| Vietnamization | Nixons strategy for ending US involvement in the Vietnam War, involving the gradual withdraw of US troops and their replacement with South Vietnamese forces |
| McCarthyism | The attacks, often unsubstantiated, by McCarthy and others on people suspected of being Communists in the early 1950s |
| The Highway Act of 1956 | The law authorized the construction of a 41,000-mile network of interstate highways that would span the nation- allocated $26 billion to pay for them. Under the terms of the law, the federal government would pay 90 percent of the cost |
| The Two Nations Divided at the 38th Parallel | North and South Korea |
| Watergate | A scandal arising from Nixon admin attempt to cover up its involvement in the 1972 break-in at the DNC headquarters in the Watergate apartment complex |
| How Did Truman Justified Dropping the Atomic Bomb on Japan | His decision to drop the bomb was purely military. A Normandy-type amphibious landing would have cost an estimated million casualties. Truman believed that the bombs saved Japanese lives as well. Prolonging the war was not an option for the President. |
| The Manhattan Project | US program to develop an atomic bomb for use in WW2 |
Created by:
istr2002
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