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Chap 9 Review Book
Vocabulary IDs and Supreme Court Cases for chapter 9 of your review book
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Yalta Conference | WWII conference with Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin where it was decided that war crimes trials would occur and Germany would be divided into 4 zones |
| Containment | US policy after World War II of trying to keep the Soviet Union from expanding its area of influence. In other words: Stopping the spread of communism. |
| Iron Curtain | line between the Soviet-dominated (Communist) Eastern Europe and the West. |
| Truman Doctrine | Truman's promise to directly assist nations threatened by communism (Example of containment policy) |
| Marshall Plan | 13 billion in economic aid to Western Europe to help them rebuild and make them less susceptible to Communist movements. (Example of containment policy) |
| Berlin Blockade | Soviet blockading of all roads leading into West Berlin |
| NATO | US led Western alliance against communism |
| Warsaw Pact | Soviet led alliance in opposition to NATO |
| McCarthyism | the use of unfounded accusations to suppress opponents and portray them as communist sympathizers |
| Red Scare | term used to describe periods in the 1920s and 1950s when American fear and suspicion of communism was at its height |
| Joseph McCarthy | Republican Senator from Wisconsin who led a campaign to root out suspected communists in American life. |
| Domino Theory | the idea that if one nation fell to communism, neighboring nations would as well. |
| Gulf of Tonkin Resolution | allowed the President to take action in Vietnam. |
| Hawks | A person who supported US involvement in the Vietnam War |
| Doves | a person who opposed US involvement in the Vietnam War |
| Vietnamization | President Nixon's plan for gradual withdrawal of U.S. forces as South Vietnamese troops assumed more combat duties |
| War Powers Act | reversed many parts of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution and required the president to bring US troops home within 60 days unless both houses of Congress voted for them to stay. |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | Event that brought the US to the brink of war with the Soviet Union |
| Detente | the easing of Cold War tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union |
| SALT | Strategic Arms Limitation Talks which led to reduction in nuclear weapons the Soviet Unions and United States would keep. |
| Watergate Scandal | political scandal involving illegal activities that ultimately led to the resignation of President Nixon in 1974. |
| Dwight Eisenhower | Commanded allied forces in Europe during WWII and became President in 1953. in office for building of interstate highway system and sent troops to Little Rock Arkansas to support school desegregation |
| Fidel Castro | Led Cuba from 1959-2008, limited civil liberties and nationalized industries. Allied himself with the Soviet Union |
| John F Kennedy | Promoted his New Frontier Program, the Peace Corps and the Alliance for Progress. Was President during Cuban Missile Crisis. Was assassinated in 1963. |
| Richard Nixon | Pursued policy of Vietnamization alongside increased bombing. Resigned due to Watergate affair. |
| Intifada | Palestinian Campaign of violent resistance against Israeli control |
| Camp David Accords | Treaty where Egypt became the first Arab nation to recognized Israel's right to exist. |
| Glasnost | a period of "openness" in the Soviet Union initiated by Gorbechev |
| Perestroika | the restructuring of the Soviet Economy that allowed for increased capitalism initiated by Mikhail Gorbechev |
| Command Economy | an economic system in which the government makes all decision on key economic questions |
| Market Economy | economic system in which decision on economic questions are determined by the "market" (supply and demand) |