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Government -Day15-19
3/2/2020
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Habeas Corpus | A court order to release a person accused of a crime to court to determine whether s/he has been legally detained |
Bills of Attainder | Laws that establish guilt and punish people w/o trial |
Ex Post Facto Laws | They cannot criminalize an act that was legal when it was committed |
Revenue Bills | A law of raising money |
Appropriations Bills | A proposed law to authorize spending money |
Authorization Bill | A bill that establishes a program and says how much can be spent on the program |
Congress has the power to borrow money to pay for government costs | Bonds |
Congress can authorize interstate commerce | Gibbons v. Ogden |
War Powers Act | Limits the president's power to send troops |
Congress has the power over | Naturalization (the process in which immigrant become citizens)/ Can grant copyrights and patents/ Can declare war |
Impeachment | The formal accusation of misconduct in office |
The Senate | Needs to approve presidential appointments to office/ Ratifies treaties w/ other nations/ Has the power to amend the Constitution |
Private Bills | Deal w/ individual people or places |
Public Bills | Involve general matters and apply to the entire nation |
Joint Resolution | Passed in the same form by both houses |
Simple Resolution | Covers after affecting only one house of Congress and if passed by that house alone |
Concurrent Resolution | Covers matters requiring the action of the House and Senate but on which a law is not needed |
Subpoena | A legal order that a person appear or produce requested documents |
Perjury | Lying under oath |
Contempt | Willful obstruction of justice |
Immunity | Freedom from prosecution for witnesses whose testimony ties them to illegal acts |
Legislative Veto | Allows Congress to review and cancel actions of executive agencies |
Regular Session | Either annual or biennial |
Special Session | A specifically called meeting to deal with pressing matters |
Blanket Primary | A primary in which all candidates are placed on the same primary ballot, regardless of party |
A bill | Must be introduced by a member of the legislature / Can be introduced in either house |
Public Policy | A plan of action adopted by government decision makers to solve a problem or reach a goal |
Voting Laws | The first voter ID laws were enacted in 2003/ Opponents of these laws have argued that this is unfair to the poor and elderly |
Environmental | Some states use fracking to access fossil fuels more easily/ States can regulate issues affecting the environment |
Voucher System | Students are able to apply the funding the state would have paid for their education in a public school to a tuition at a private school |
Justice Reinvention Programs | Reentry programs that help felons make the move from prison back into the community |
Land Use and Zoning | Zoning specifies how land in particular parts of the city can be used |
Residential, Commercial, Mixed residential-commercial, Industrial | Four types of zoning ordinances |