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WWI
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Alaska | purchased from Russia for 2 cents an acre, for a total of 7.2 million dollars. Important natural resources were fur trade, fishing, timber, and gold. Became the 49 th state |
Hawaii | gave the U.S. a presence in the Pacific Ocean and eventually a military base. Became the 50 th state |
annex | when a larger country protects and supports a smaller country in exchange for their cooperation |
yellow journalism | false or exaggerated reporting in the news. It sold more papers and gave greater political power because it was a way of controlling voters’ opinions. |
Imperialism | “Empire Building”: becoming a world power by adding territory and influence throughout the world |
USS Maine | battleship sent by President William McKinley in 1898 to Cuba’s Havana harbor to protect the lives and property of Americans in Cuba during Cuba’s revolution from Spanish rule. An explosion destroyed the ship killing 260 |
Spanish-American War | Congress declared war on Spain on April 25, 1898. Nearly 1 million Americans volunteered to fight. Established the U.S. as a world power. |
Theodore (Teddy) Roosevelt | assistant secretary of the Navy left his job to organize a group of volunteer soldiers to fight. He became a national hero and later was elected President of the United States. |
Rough Riders | a group of cowboys, Native Americans, college athletes, and wealthy New Yorkers led by Theodore Roosevelt in the Spanish-American War |
Buffalo Soldiers | units of experienced African American soldiers who got their name from fighting against the Native Americans on the Great Plains |
San Juan Hill | July 1, 1898-American troops defeated the Spanish troops at the Battle of San Juan Hill. The Rough Riders and the Buffalo Soldiers joined with other troops there. |
August 1898 | the U.S. and Spain sign a treaty to end the Spanish- American War |
isthmus | a narrow strip of land that connects two larger areas |
Three Problems | 1. U.s. had to get control of land for the Panama Canal Solution: backed by the U.S. Panama gained independence and agreed to let the U.S. buld the canal 2. diseases such as malaria and yellow fever were in the hot wet areas of Panama Soltion |
Panama Canal | opened on August 15, 1914. Used for shipping, 50 miles long. Ships could move from one end of the canal to the other in 9 hours instead of having to sail around Cape Horn – a two month trip |
16 th Amendment | 1913 – started Income Tax – tax on money earned from work or investments. Money to be used to pay for reforms and other government projects |
Conservation | protecting something from being destroyed or used up |
John Muir | a naturalist and writer who had a great impact on conservation. Worked with Roosevelt to establish a national park system |
World War 1 | from 1914-1919. Called the “war to end all wars” |
Nationalism | a love of one’s country and a desire to have that country free from the control of others |
Central Powers | Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire (Turkey), Bulgaria |
Allied Powers | United Kingdom, France, Italy, Belgium, Serbia, U.S., Russia |
alliance | an agreement among nations to defend one another in case of attack |
isolationism | A country prefers to remain neutral (not pick sides) and let other countries handle their own issues |
Woodrow Wilson | President during WWI. Formed the 14 Points plan for the armistice agreement and proposed the League of Nations |
Eddie Rickenbacker | one of the first U.S. fighter pilot to be an “ace” |
League of Nations | an international organization formed to prevent wars |
Treaty of Versailles | ended WWI. Punished the Central Powers and demanded that Germany pay a large fine and not rebuild its army |