Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nerve
Staining
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| CNS | Central nervous system; brain & spinal cord |
| PNS | Peripheral nervous system |
| Somatic nervous system is: | Voluntary |
| Autonomic nervous system is: | Involuntary |
| Gray matter contains: | Mostly nerve cell bodies |
| White matter contains: | Mostly nerve fibers |
| What are the 3 groups of nervous system tissues? | Neuronal cell bodies & processes, glial cells & processes, myelin sheath |
| Neuron is made up of: | A cell body (perikaryon) w/ nucleus, axons & dendrites; large cells 4-135μm |
| The nucleus of a neuron contains: | Predominantly euchromatin & large nucleolus |
| Neuroglia is: | supporting network for CNS |
| 4 types of glial cells: | Oligodendroglia, astroglia, microglia, ependymal cells, Mallory PTAH, Holzer |
| Oligodendroglia are: | small, produce myelin sheath, most numerous type |
| Astrocytes: | Protoplasmic in gray matter, fibrous in white matter, support nerve fiber tracts, exchange fluids, gases, form areas of gliosis, Cajal |
| Nissl substance: | tigroid substance, chromidal substance, basophilic in cytoplasm, aggregates of rough ER, Cresyl echt violets |
| Chromatolysis is: | Loss of Nissl substance due to damage/injury |
| Microglia are: | fixed phagocytic cells in brain & spinal cord, rarely stain for |
| Ependymal cells are: | epithelial cells of ventricles & spinal canal, form BBB |
| Myelin: | white fatty axon sheath, lost in paraffin processing, only neurokeratin remains, formed by oligodendroglia in CNS, formed by Scwann cells in PNS, Weil, LFB |
| In the event of damage or disease that breaks down the myelin sheath: | a simple lipid replacement is formed |
| Myelin is commonly stained for using what? | LFB & iron hematoxylin |
| Cresyl echt violet (Luna & Vacca) facts | To ID neurons, demo chromatolysis, 10% NBF 6-8 μm QC: spinal cord |
| Cresyl echt violet (Luna) solutions | Cresyl echt violet + dH2O + Canada balsam-xylene |
| Cresyl echt violet (Luna) results | Nissl substance, nuclei: blue to purple - background: colorless |
| Cresyl echt violet (Vacca) solutions | Cresyl echt violet pH 2.5 + glacial acetic acid + dH2O + abs. alcohol |
| Cresyl echt violet (Vacca) results | Nissl substance, nuclei: blue-purple - background: colorless |
| Holmes silver nitrate & Bodian methods purpose | Demo nerve fibers, nerve endings, & neurofibrils |
| Holmes silver nitrate method facts | 10% NBF 10-15 μm QC: cerebral cortex |
| Holmes silver nitrate method solutions | AgNO3 w/ boric acid, borate, & pyridine + AgNO3 + gold chloride + sodium thiosulfate + hydroquinone w/ sodium sulfite (red.) + oxalic acid |
| Holmes silver nitrate method results | axons, nerve fibers, neurofibrils: black - other: light gray to blue |
| Bodian method facts | 10% NBF 6-8 μm QC: peripheral nerve or cerebral cortex |
| Bodian method solutions | Protargol S (silver proteinate) + gold chloride + sodium thiosulfate + copper ("destain" connective) + hydroquinone+formaldehyde (red.) + oxalic acid + aniline blue |
| Bodian method results | nerve fibers, nuclei: black - background: light gray or blue |
| Aniline blue for Bodian solution | aniline blue + oxalic acid + phosphomolybdic acid + dH2O |
| Aqua regia solution | HCl + nitric acid |
| Glassware for Bodian method must first be cleaned with? | Aquia regia, extremely hazardous |
| Bielschowsky-PAS stain, microwave modification of Bielschowsky, & Sevier-Munger modification of Bielschowsky purpose | Demo presence of neurofibrillary tangles (disease) & senile plaques of Alzheimer's |
| Bielschowsky-PAS stain facts | 10% NBF 8-10 µm QC: CNS tissue, plaques & tangles if possible |
| Bielschowsky-PAS stain solutions | AgNO3 + ammoniacal silver 20% + gold chloride + sodium thiosulfate + developer + periodic acid + Schiff |
| Bielschowsky-PAS stain results | neurofibrillary tangles, peripheral neurites of neural plaques: dark black - axons: black - amyloid, lipofuscin: magenta |
| Microwave modification of Bielschowsky facts | 10% NBF 8 µm QC: CNS tissue, plaques & tangles if possible |
| Microwave modification of Bielschowsky solutions | AgNO3 + ammoniacal silver + sodium thiosulfate + developer + NH4OH |
| Microwave modification of Bielschowsky results | axons, neurofibrils: brown to black - tangles, plaques: dark brown or black - neuromelanin: black - lipofucsin: brown or black |
| Bielschowsky developer solution | formaldehyde + dH2O + nitric acid + citric acid |
| Bielschowsky ammoniacal silver solution | AgNO3 + NH4OH |
| Sevier-Munger modification of Bielschowsky facts | 10% NBF 6-8 µm QC: CNS tissue |
| Sevier-Munger modification of Bielschowsky solutions | AgNO3 + ammoniacal silver w/ sodium carbonate + sodium thiosulfate + formalin |
| Sevier-Munger modification of Bielschowsky results | nerve endings, neurofibrils, neurofibrillary tangles, peripheral neurites of neuritic plaques: black |
| Mallory PTAH stain & Holzer method facts | Demo glial fibers, gliosis, Holzer better, 10% NBF 6-8 µm QC: cerebral cortex |
| Mallory PTAH stain solutions | PTAH + Lugol Iodine + sodium thiosulfate + potassium permanganate + oxalic acid |
| Mallory PTAH stain results | glial fibers, nuclei, myelin: blue - neurons: salmon |
| PTAH solution | hematoxylin + phosphotungstic acid + dH2O (best aged, ripen immediately w/ potassium permanganate) |
| Holzer method solutions | phosphomolybdic acid-alcohol (mordant) + absolute alcohol-chloroform (differentiate) + crystal violet + potassium bromide + differentiating soln. |
| Holzer method results | glial fibers: blue - background: v. pale blue to colorless |
| Differentiating solution (Holzer) | aniline oil + chloroform + NH4OH |
| Weil method & all Luxol Fast Blue methods purpose | Demo myelin |
| Weil method, Luxol Fast Blue method, & Luxol Fast Blue-Cresyl Echt violet facts | 10% NBF 10-15 µm QC: spinal cord or medulla Regressive staining |
| Weil method solutions | ferric ammonium sulfate (excess mordant) + alcoholic hematoxylin in dH2O + Na borate-K ferricyanide (excess ox.) |
| Weil method results | myelin sheath: blue to blue-black - background: light tan |
| Luxol Fast Blue method solutions | LFB in alcohol w/ acetic acid + Li2CO3 + 70% |
| Luxol Fast Blue method results | myelin: blue - background: colorless |
| Luxol Fast Blue-Cresyl Echt violet solutions | LFB in alcohol w/ acetic acid + Li2Co3 + 70% + Cresyl Echt violet |
| Luxol Fast Blue-Cresyl Echt violet results | myelin: blue - Nissl substance, nuclei: violet |
| Luxol Fast Blue-Holmes silver nitrate method facts | 10% NBF 10-15 µm QC: cerebral cortex |
| Luxol Fast Blue-Holmes silver nitrate method solutions | LFB in alcohol w/ acetic acid + Li2CO3 + AgNO3 w/ boric acid, borate, & pyridine + AgNO3 + gold chloride + sodium thiosulfate + hydroquinone w/ sodium sulfite (red.) + oxalic acid |
| Luxol Fast Blue-Holmes silver nitrate method results | myelin sheaths: blue to green - axons, nerve fibers: black |
| Luxol Fast Blue-PAS-hematoxylin is used to: | Demo myelin & basement membrane |
| Cajal stain facts | Demo astrocytes, mostly replaced by IHC, formalin ammonium bromide, if fixed in NBF, wash & post-fix w/ formalin ammonium bromide frozens 20-30 µm QC: cerebral cortex |
| Cajal stain solutions | gold chloride w/ mercuric chloride (gold sublimate) + sodium thiosulfate |
| Cajal stain results | astrocytes: black background: pink |
| Wallerian degeneration | If axon sustains injury, axon & myelin below injury site are lost |
| Thioflavin S facts | To ID neurofibrillary degenerations 10-20% NBF 6 μm QC: CNS w/ senile plaques |
| Thioflavin S solutions | potassium permanganate (quench autofluorescence) + potassium metabisulfite (quench autofluorescence) + H2O2 (quench autofluorescence) + oxalic acid (remove potassium permanganate) + acetic acid + thioflavin S |
| Thioflavin S results | Alzheimer tangles, plaques, neuropil threads, senile plaque & cerebrovascular amyloid: bright green - diffuse plaques & extracellular tangles: pale yellow green |
| Nerve fibers, nerve endings, neurofibril stains | Bodian, Holmes |
| Neurofibrillary tangles & plaques stains | Bielschowsky-PAS, microwave Bielschowsky, Sevier-Munger Bielschowsky |
| Holzer crystal violet solution | crystal violet + abs. alcohol + chloroform |
| How to remove crystal violet precipitate? | Straight aniline oil |
| Argyrophilic reaction is one where: | Tissue can bind silver ions, but need reducing agent to reduce to visible silver |
| Argentaffin reaction is one where: | Tissue can bind silver ions & reduce to visible silver |
| Purkinje cells: | aka Purkinje neurons, cerebellar cortex, flask-shaped w/ many dendrites |
| PTAH stains tissue components: | Red-brown/salmon, components lose color if prolonged water/alcohol washing, dehydrate rapidly after staining |
| Page's Eriochrome Cyanine R purpose | Demo myelin |
Created by:
CCF
Popular Histology sets