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Texas History (L1)
stupid words that probably won't be on the test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| George Pierce Garrison | (1853-1910) "The Authority on Texas History" wrote: Texas: A Contest of Civilizations (1903), the first historic study by a Texas author sufficiently based on relevant Spanish and French sources. |
| Texas Exceptionalism | A mix of virtues & myths, Facts & Fiction in Texas History |
| Cartography | mapmaking |
| Cartographer | mapmaker |
| Alonso Alvarez De Pineda | someone in ____________'s crew sketched the first Spanish map of TX in 1520. |
| Rene-Robert Cavalier, Sieur De La Salle | drew the first French map of TX in 1684. |
| Francisco Alvarez Barreiro | drew the first detailed inland map of TX in 1728. |
| Philip Nolan | drew the first accurate Anglo-American map of TX in the 1790s. |
| Paint Rock | At _________ in central TX archeologists have discovered an ancient sun dagger. |
| Enchanted Rock | a 1,825ft high granite mountain on Gillespie and Llano County border that is one of the state's oldest geological formations. Known to make "groans and creaking noises" |
| 4 Natural Regions | Gulf Coastal Plains, North Central Plains, Great Plains, Mountains and Basins |
| 11/12 Sub-Regions (Gulf Coastal Plains) | Piney Woods, Post Oak Belt, Gulf Coast Plain, Blackland Prairie, South TX Plain |
| 11/12 Sub-Regions (North Central Plains) | Rolling Plains, Cross Timbers, Grand Prairie |
| 11/12 Sub-Regions (Great Plains) | High Plains [and Caprock Escarpment], Edwards Plateau, Llano Basin/Estacado, Balcones Escarpment (Hill Country) |
| 11/12 Sub-Regions (Mountains and Basins) | West Texas - Odessa to El Paso |
| 14/15 Rivers (3 key rivers) | Rio Grande, Sabine, Red |
| 14/15 Rivers (other rivers) | Canadian, Pecos, Neches, Trinity/San Jacinto, Brazos, Colorado, Guadalupe, San Antonio, Nueces |
| 6 Primary Cultures | Native American, Hispanic American (Mexico/Latin America), African-American, European American, Middle Eastern, Asian American |
| Beringia | The first Texans came from Asia via ________ (crossed land/ice-bridge over the Bering Strait) |
| Paleo-Indian Era | (10,000-6,000 BC) first of 3 periods in ancient to modern TX and hunted mammoths |
| Archaic Era | (6,000 BC-700 AD) hunted small game with Atlatl, tasks assigned by gender, domesticated dogs |
| Late Prehistoric Era | (700-1500 AD) began using land for planting crops, more domestication of animals, lived in villages, bow and arrow, trade with distant lands, political and religious leaders |
| Mesoamerica | extends from central Mexico south to Costa Rica (Central America). The physical geographic roots of Texas history. |
| Mayans | (300-900 AD) developed a complex social structure headed by royal families. Key city: Tikal |
| Aztecs | (1200-1521) (also called the Mexica) Built the great city of Tenochtitlan. Wiped out by conquistador Hernando Cortes in 1521. |
| Coahuitecans | lived along the TX southern coast's hot terrain, limited wild game, gathered food (by women) |
| Karankawas | lived along coast between Galveston and Corpus Christi (fished) |
| Caddoes (Hasinais) | largest tribe in East TX, moved there around 800AD (agriculture) |
| Atakapans | smaller tribe who lived in marshy wetlands (TX & LA) (fished & hunted small game) |
| Alabama-Coushattas | came from AL in 1700s to settle along the Trinity River, lived in log cabins and skilled in making baskets |
| Apaches | Great Plains Indians in N, W, and Central TX (buffalo) |
| Mescalero Apaches | mainly nomadic hunters known for raiding others in West Texas and northern Mexico. |
| Lipan Apaches | hunted and farmed. Lived in communities along rivers and streams (Rancherias) |
| Comanches | migrated from the harsh, cold mountains of Canada in the 1700s. Fierce warriors and skilled horse riders. "Lord of the Plains" |
| Kiowas | moved into TX from the mountains of South Dakota and Montana in the late 1700s. Often joined with the Comanche to drive out Apaches. |
| Tonkawas | lived in Central TX near present day Austin. Hunted buffalo, deer, and traded hides. Fished for fish, crawfish, and clams. Grass houses. |
| Wichitas | migrated from KS and settled near present day Dallas, Waco, and Corsicana. Most of food came from farming. They became skilled artisans. |
| Jumanos | lived in square, flat-roofed one-room abode houses in farming villages along the Rio Grande |
| Tiguas | came to TX in the late 1600s with Spanish settlers who were fleeing a revolt in Isleta, New Mexico. "Yselta del Sur" (Little Island of the South) |
| Cherokees | came to TX around 1820 to flee pressures from settlers in GA. Settled along the Sabine, Niches and Angelina Rivers. Some maintained their traditional way of life while others adopted new lifestyles. |
| Kickapoos | arrived in the 1830s from the Great Lakes where settlers were crowding them out. Set up villages, grew crops, and hunted on the plains. The women built their homes and made baskets, clothing, and high quality beadwork. |
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Khristina__12
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