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Egypt Vocabulary
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Obelisk | A four-sided pillar with a top shaped like a pyramid. |
| Hieroglyphic | A picture or symbol used to represent a word, syllable, or sound. |
| Papyrus | A tall reed-like plant growing by the bank of the Nile River; used by the Egyptians to make various things. |
| Sphinx | A stone structure with the head of a human and the body of a lion. |
| Pyramid | Protected the body of the pharaoh after death and allowed the "akh", or spirit, to enjoy life's pleasures for eternity. |
| Pharaoh | (Means "great house) title belonging to the ruler of ancient Egypt who was worshipped as a god. |
| Silt | A mixture of tiny bits of soil and rock, over the land near a river, providing fertile farmland. |
| Great Pyramid | Tomb of King Khufu; largest building in the world until the 20th century; one of the seven wonders of the ancient world. |
| Rosetta Stone | 3 languages (2 forms of Egyptian writing & one in Greek) written on a stone found in the small town of Rosetta and used to unlock the language of the ancient Egyptians. |
| Natron | Mineral salt found in soil from dry lake bed and used by the Egyptians to dry out corpse during mummification process. |
| Mummification | 70-day process used by the Egyptians to preserve the body for Eternity. |
| Canopic Jars | 4 sealed containers used to preserve vital organs (stomach, liver, lungs, & intestines) of the deceased pharaoh for the Sfter-Life |
| Book of the Dead | Book containing spells and was enclosed with the mummified body allowing the "BA", or soul, to pass safely through the underworld. |
| Anubis | Afterlife god that weighed the heart of the dead person during the Judgement stage after death. |
| Osiris | Afterlife god in charge of the underworld. |
| Horus | Afterlife god in charge of leading the soul or BA to Judgement. |
| Sarcophagus | Outer container made in the image of the pharaoh that secured the layered coffins inside. |
| Archaeologist | An expert in the scientific study of the way man lived in the past by digging the remains of ancient cities, towns, and tombs to study the artifacts that they uncover to understand how a civilization lived. |
| Irrigate | To supply land with water by means of channels, streams, or pipes. |
| Reign | The period of rule of a monarch or other ruler. |
| Dynasty | A line of rulers who belong to the same family; the period of time in which a dynasty rules. |
| Custom | An accepted social habit or pattern of behavior of a group; learned and passed from one generation to the next. |
| Ramses II | A pharaoh of the 19th dynasty of Ancient Egypt; responsible for building many cities, temples, and statues of himself; an aggressive military leader. |
| Hatshepsut | 5th pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Ancient Egypt who reigned for almost 22 years; regarded as one of the most successful female pharaohs. |
| Tutankhamen | Name means "Living Image of Amun"; a pharaoh of the 18th dynasty of Ancient Egypt who ruled for 9 years; tomb discovered by Howard Carter in 1922 renewing interest in ancient Egypt in modern times. |
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