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Part one
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Plato’s ideal form of government? He stated his philosophy in his work The Republic. | Aristocracy. |
| Rome’s first code of law | Law of the Twelve Tables, Latin Lex XII Tabularum, the earliest written legislation of ancient Roman law, traditionally dated 451–450 bc. |
| What are some major differences between the Greco-Roman and Jewish and Christian traditions? | Judaism and Christianity were monotheistic, meaning they believed only one God ruled the universe. |
| How did the Classical Greeks think about the individual? It is central to Western political thought today. | Individual achievement, dignity, and worth are of great importance. |
| A cornerstone of our government today is based upon some political ideas that came from Montesquieu. What are they? | separation of powers. |
| Rousseau wanted society to be governed by what? | the general will of the people could not be decided by elected representatives. |
| One of the accomplishments of the French Revolution was a document that was based upon the Declaration of Independence? What document? | Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen de 1789 |
| Thinking behind the Enlightenment Era and how the people should be governed. | They developed theories of government in which some or even all the people would govern |
| What provisions were contained in the Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen? | the Declaration was that all “men are born and remain free and equal in rights” |
| What reforms did Napoleon introduce to France? | He strengthened the central government and made social and economic reforms. |
| Philosophies of John Locke. | Locke believed that human nature is characterised by reason and tolerance. |
| What Enlightenment philosopher published Two Treatises of Government, in which he detailed his beliefs regarding natural rights, including the right to life, liberty and property? | John Locke |
| What was the Glorious Revolution all about? | when William of Orange took the English throne from James II in 1688. |
| Why is the Magna Carta significant in the history of democratic ideas? | it established the principle that everyone is subject to the law, even the king, and guarantees the rights of individuals, the right to justice and the right to a fair |
| What factors contributed to the rise of the Industrial Revolution in England Britain? | The new inventions, access to raw materials, trade routes and partners, social changes, and a stable government all paved the way for Britain to become an industry-driven country. |
| The Textile industry met its last major challenge to full mechanization with the development of what? | improvements to the steam engine |
| Industrial Revolution created new jobs in what? | Textiles |
| Nationalism v. Patriotism | Nationalism distinguished patriotism from the related concept of nationalism: "By 'patriotism' I mean devotion to a particular place and a particular way of life, which one believes to be the best in the world but has no wish to force upon other people. |
| More on Nationalism v. Patriotism | Patriotism, on the other hand, pertains to value responsibilities rather than just valuing loyalty towards one's own country. Nationalism makes one try to find justification for mistakes made in the past. |
| What social change was brought about by the Industrial Revolution | urbanization |
| What was the objective of the Romantic artists? | Romanticism assigned a high value to the achievements of "heroic" individualists and artists. |
| How long did the Enlightenment Period last? | 1685-1815 |
| Mohandas Gandhi | Indian lawyer, politician, social activist, and writer who became the leader of the nationalist movement against the British rule of India. |
| What did a growing Indian distrust of the British lead to? | During colonial rule the British government rule India directly through a British official called a viceroy. |
| Democracy | a system of government by the whole population or all the eligible members of a state, typically through elected representatives. |
| Enlightenment view of women | The Enlightenment came to advance ideals of liberty, progress, and tolerance. For those women who were able to discuss and advance new ideals, discourse on religion, political and social equality, and sexuality |
| The Declaration of Independence state that government should protect natural rights that were stated in what document. | by declaring that “all men are by nature equally free and independent |
| How did the US Constitution reflect the ideas of the Enlightenment thinkers? | Ideas in the constitution came from several different Enlightenment thinkers. |
| How did France’s revolutionaries follow the examples set by leaders of the American Revolution? What did they write? | They wanted to help free them from British rule |
| Napoleonic Code and the Enlightenment principles | largely influenced by Napoleon's interpretation of the French Revolution, which was built upon the ideals of Enlightenment |
| What is a direct result of the discovery that germs cause disease? | improved sanitation |
| What had the greatest impact on the improvement of working conditions in the 1800s? | Working conditions were poor and sometimes dangerous. |
| What contributed to German’s growth as an industrial power under Bismarck? | substantial iron and coal reserves |
| Most to the growth of nationalism in the Balkans? | The Balkans were a cluster of nations in eastern Europe, between the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman empires |
| What had great power in the Third Republic in France? | After the fall of the Second Empire and the suppression of the Paris Commune, the new Constitutional Laws of 1875 were adopted, establishing a regime based on parliamentary supremacy. |
| Why were the British able to conquer India’s vast territory? | The British were able to take control of India mainly because India was not united. |
| What did Japan gain control over which aided in it becoming an imperialist power? | apan was motivated to join the imperialist scramble for overseas territories because it lacked the raw materials, like coal, necessary for continued industrialization. |
| Which system of law appeared first? | Around 1760 BC, King Hammurabi further developed Babylonian law, by codifying and inscribing it in stone. |
| Aristotle | Aristotle was a Greek philosopher and polymath during the Classical period in Ancient Greece. |
| Why did Christianity first begin to spread quickly through the Roman Empire? | Christianity spread through the Roman Empire and eventually it received legal status in 313 CE. |
| Why did King John not want to sign the Magna Carta? | In 1215, King John of England was forced to sign the Magna Carta stating that the king was not above the law of the land and protecting the rights of the people. |
| A cause of the French Revolution. | two decades of poor harvests, drought, cattle disease and skyrocketing bread prices had kindled unrest among peasants and the urban poor |
| The most political form in classical Mediterranean world | Aristocratic assemblies |
| The disease that took many lives in the fourteenth century | typhoid fever, dysentery and diphtheria. |
| Middle Passage | the sea journey undertaken by slave ships from West Africa to the West Indies. |
| Which Enlightenment Thinker gave us the principle of “the ends will justify the means” approach to government? | Machiavelli |
| The Monroe Doctrine of 1823 | best known U.S. policy toward the Western Hemisphere. |
| Primary objective of the Declaration of Independence | The formal declaration of independence established the new American revolutionary government and officially declared war against Great Britain. |
| One effect of the French Revolution | The French Revolution had a great and far-reaching impact that probably transformed the world more than any other revolution. |
| Nationalism | identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations. |
Created by:
Christopher Boyd
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