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Industrialization
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Henry Bessemer | developed a process to make steel stronger and More affordable. Can make more steel |
Andrew Carnegie | By 1900, US provided more steel than any other country- monopoly. Became one of the riches men in the world. |
John D. Rockefeller | By 1890 his Standard oil Co. controlled 90% of the oil industry –monopoly. One of the richest men in the world |
George Westinghouse | 1896. Developed AC (Alternating Current) for use in homes and business. |
William Randolph Hearst | Developed newspaper business by using BIG eye- catching headlines, illustrations, and color. Owned most of the newspapers in US by 1900 – monopoly. |
Madame C.J. Walker | 1906 – bottled shampoo in her attic. Sold products door to door. First African American woman to become a millionaire. |
J.P. Morgan | Wealthiest and most powerful banker in U.S. during the Industrial Age. Invested in railroads, mining, steel. |
Natural Resources | America had a lot and it helped industry grow. These are resources that are from nature, not made by people. Ex.: iron, coal, oil, timber, water |
Human Resources | People who work to produce goods and services. Immigrants really helped grow the workforce during the Industrial Age |
Capital Resources | Tools, machines, (money) that companies use to produce goods and services |
Monopoly | when one company has control of an industry. Cuts down on competition so it hurts the consumer by limiting choices and driving up prices |
Sweatshop | hot, cramped workshops where many industrial workers had to do their jobs before labor reform |
Triangle Shirtwaist Company | In March 1911 a fire broke out and the workers were trapped inside. 150 people died, mostly young women. |
Lewis Hine | led the movement against child labor |
labor union | organized groups working to gain improved working conditions, better wages, more safety, and an end to child labor |
Samuel Gompers | one of the early union leaders. Led unions to join together and form the American Federation of Labor (AFL) |
strike | workers refuse to work to try to force businesses to meet their demands |
Mary Harris Jones | helped lead the United Mine Workers in the Appalachian mountains. She was known as “Mother Jones”. |
Labor Day | created by the labor unions to honor the workers in America. First held in September 1882. Congress made it an official holiday in 1894. |