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Revolutionary War
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Battle of Lexington and Concord (April 19th 1775) | First battle of revolution, colonists used guerilla tactics, there was "the shot heard around the world" |
| 2nd Continental Congress (May 1775) | Colonists came up with the "Olive Branch Petition" to make amends with Britain, they still weren't seeking independence yet |
| Battle of Bunker Hill (June 17th 1775) | Moral victory for the colonists, "don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes." Brits were able to capture Breeds Hill after the third charge = many casualties, gave the colonists hope, showed the Brits that this wasn't just a rebellion, it was war |
| Declaration of Independence (July 4th 1776) | Colonists declared independence and signed declaration, which was based on John Locke's social contract: natural rights, consents of those governed, philosophy of the revolution |
| Battle for NYC (August 1776) | There was a campaign throughout the summer, British launched massive assault against the city (32,000 troops on armada of ships), largest attack on NYC |
| Battle for NYC (Cont.) | Washington made critical mistake by spliting his army, NYC is lost to Brits for duration of war |
| Washington Crosses the Delaware (December 25-26 1776) | In a risky move, Washington crosses the Delaware in the middle of the night. This move was vital in rallying colonists to keep fighting |
| Battle of Trenton (December 26th 1776) | Was a morale boosters to keep colonists fighting. Colonists launched 8 A.M. attack against the Hessians who were "groggy" from celebrating Christmas. This was a huge victory. |
| Battle of Trenton (Cont.) | There was a 3 pronged approach, for Washington knew he couldn't take the town so he withdrew, capturing 900 Hessians |
| Battle of Princeton (January 3rd 1777) | Was a morale boosters to keep colonists fighting. On January 2nd, Washington regroups in Trenton. Washington deceives Cornwallis and marches his troops to take Princeton. |
| Battle of Saratoga (TURNING POINT OF REVOLUTION) (Fall of 1777) | General Burgoyne lead 8,000 troops from Loyalist Canada to the Hudson. Brits get bogged down in the dense NY forests. Sharpshooters take out British officers and Native AM scouts |
| Battle of Saratoga (cont.) | General Gates had a huge victory, for almost 6,000 Brit/Hessian troops surrendered their arms. This victory persuaded France to openly recognize the US as a country (Legitimacy) |
| Treaty of Amity and Commerce (1778) | Promoted trade and commercial ties between colonies and France |
| Treaty of Alliance (1778) | Called for a "mutual defense" in the situation that France and the colonies were attacked by Britain |
| Winter at Valley Forge (December 1777-January 1778) | Washington sets up camp for the winter, there are food shortages, horrible conditions and diseases are spreading (smallpox), Washington takes a gamble with inoculation. Washington brings in Von Steuben. |
| Winter at Valley Forge (Cont.) | Von Steuben gives order, discipline and hygiene to the colonists, he teaching European fighting techniques (bayonette) and creates a training manual, he makes Americans a formidable fighting unit |
| What happened after the first half of the revolution? | Brits force war to the South where there is stronger loyalist support and open fields |
| Battle of Charleston (Spring of 1780) | Most disastrous battle of the revolution, Lincoln surrendered 10,000 men, gave Brits a home base in the South |
| Battle of Springfield (June 23rd, 1780) | NJ was known as the "crossroads of the revolution", last major battle in NJ, allowed Washington to escape South, ended war in NJ |
| Battle of Camden (August 16th 1780) | A crushing defeat for Gates, men were sick with dysentery, the colonist militia scattered in retreat, british victory |
| Battle of Cowpens (January 17th 1781) | A classic military victory, this was a turning point in the southern campaign, militia used deception to trap British regulars |
| Kings Mountain (October 7th 1780) | Colonists fight Loyalists, Loyalists crumble to the Americans and surender |
| Battle of Yorktown (Fall of 1781) | Cornwallis surrenders to a joint American/French Force, the French Navy forces the surrender, final battle of the revolution, peace negotiations were made |
| Treaty of Paris (September 3rd 1783) | Officially ended American Revolution, Treaty between four nations: US, Great Britain, France and Spain, Spain is hostile and maintains territory west of Mississippi, France was given limited support |
| Treaty of Paris Provisions | The recognition of American independence, the establishment of American boundaries |
| Treaty of Paris Provisions (cont.) | The recognition of American fishing rights along the Newfoundland banks, the pledge of the Continental Congress to ensure pre- war debts be paid |
| U.S. Military Strengths | Familiarity if home ground, leadership of George Washington and others, Inspiring cause: Independence, helped by French, used Guerilla Warfare and deception tactics |
| Britain Military Strengths | Strong well trained army and navy, Strong central government with available funds, Support of colonial Loyalist and Native Americans |
| U.S. Military Weaknesses | Untrained and undisciplined soldiers, shortage of food and ammunition, inferior navy, no central government to enforce war-time policies |
| Britain Military Weaknesses | Large distance between Great Britain and America, troops unfamiliar with terrain, weak military leaders |
| Consequences of American Revolution | British recognizes U.S. as an independent nation, the idea of liberty inspires struggles for freedom around the world, traditional ideas about women's roles in society are challenged |
| Consequences of American Revolution (cont.) | Ideas of freedom and natural rights inspire some people to begin opposing slavery, Native Americans are pushed farther west and face increased attacks from settlers |
Created by:
MLevy44
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