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CAP.USHistory.Unit1
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Tenant farming | System of farming in which a person rents land to farm from a planter. |
| Infrastructure | The public property and services that a society uses. |
| Speculators | Person who makes high risk investment in hopes of getting a huge return |
| Placer mining | A mining technique in which miners shovel loose dirt into boxes and then ran water over the dirt to separate it from gold and silver particles. |
| Long drive | Moving cattle from distant ranges to busy railroad centers that shipped the cattle to market. |
| Dry farming | Techniques used to raise crops in areas that receive little rain. |
| Bonanza farm | Farm controlled by large businesses, managed by professionals, and raising massive quantities of single cash crops. |
| Buffalo | Great Plains animal that provides meat, hides for clothes and shelter, and many other uses to the Plains Indians. |
| Barb wire | wire with clusters of short, sharp spikes set at intervals along it, used to make fences. |
| Economies of scale | As production of an item increases, the cost to produce the item lowers. |
| Share cropping | System of farming in which a farmer tends some portion of a planter’s land and receives a share of the crop as payment. |
| Push-pull factors | Events and conditions that either force (push) people to move elsewhere or strongly attract (pull) them to do so. |
| Great Plains | Vast grassland between the Mississippi River and the Rocky Mountains |
| Border States | In the Civil War, the states between the North and South (Delaware, Maryland, Kentucky, and Missouri) |
| Titusville, PA | Site of the world’s first successful oil well |
| Brooklyn Bridge | A New York City suspension bridge connecting the island of Manhattan and Brooklyn. (In 1883 it was the longest bridge in the world) |
| Pike Peak, Colorado | Site of a gold rush in 1859. Claims were exaggerated. |
| Chisholm Trail | A trail that linked the good grazing lands of Texas’s San Antonio and ended in Kansas cow towns along the railroad lines. |
| Oregon Trail | a route used during the U.S. westward migrations, especially in the period from 1840 to 1860, starting in Missouri and ending in Oregon. About 2000 miles (3200 km) long. |
| Placer vs. hydraulic mining | placer: ran water of loose dirt in boxes. hydraulic: a form of mining that uses high-pressure jets of water to dislodge rock material or move sediment. |
| bessemer process | a process for making steel more efficiently |
| time zones | Adopted in 1883 by the railroads, broad regions of the country that share the same time |
| telegraph | a message sent over wires using a code |
| telephone | an instrument for reproducing sounds at a distance, invented by Alexander Graham Bell |
| light bulbs | a sealed glass bulb which provides light by passing an electric current through a filament or a pocket of inert gas. |
| patents | licenses that give an inventor the exclusive right to make, use or sell an invention for a set time period |
| ghost dance | American Indian religious ritual dance that, it was believed, would drive away white people and restore the traditional lands and way of life. |
| social vs. political revolutions | Social revolutions are sudden changes in the structure and nature of society.[1] These revolutions are usually recognized as having transformed in society, culture, philosophy, and technology much more than political systems. |
| Mormonism | the predominant religious tradition of the Latter Day Saint movement of Restorationist Christianity started by Joseph Smith |
| Battle of Little Big Horn | 1876 Sioux victory over army troops led by General Custer |
| Massacre at Wounded Knee | The killing over 200 Sioux Indians after the surrendered |
| Sand Creek Massacre | The 1864 killing of 500 surrendered Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians |
| Great Constitutional Revolution | 13th, 14th, and 15th amendments, taken together, broke the connection between citizenship and race and put the national government at the center of struggles for freedom. |
| Compromise of 1877 | Agreement in which the Democrats agreed to five Hayes the victory in the presidential election of 1876, and Hayes agreed to withdraw federal troops from southern states. |
| Promontory, Utah | The site where the Union Pacific and Central Pacific railroads connected in 1869 making transcontinental railroad travel possible. |
Created by:
Roberj12
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