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10/9 Bio Review

Biomolecules and Process Review

TermDefinition
Biomolecule A molecule that is produced by living things
Carbohydrate A biomolecule composed entirely of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen in a 2:1 ratio
Lipid A member of a diverse group of molecules that are hydrophobic and includes fats, waxes, oils, and other molecules
Protein A biomolecule made up of one or more amino acid polymers folded into a complex structure that preforms a specific function
Organic containing the element carbon
Nucleic acid A nucleotide polymer capable of storing and transferring genetic information.
Enzyme Proteins that can change the rates of specific reactions.
Fatty Acid An energy-containing biomolecule composed of a carboxylic acid attached to a long hydrocarbon chain.
Amino Acid A molecule containing an amine group, a carboxylic acid group, and a side chain that is specific to each type of amino acid.
Polymer A large molecule formed by the bonding of smaller molecular units.
Monymer A single molecule that can be combined with other molecules of the same type to form a more complex molecule.
Homeostasis The tendency for a system to maintain relatively constant internal condition
Diffusion The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration; does not require energy. The particles will continue to move until they are evenly dispersed
Osmosis The movement of a solvent across a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute concentration to an area of high solute concentration to equalize the solute concentration on both sides of the membrane
Active Transport The movement of a substance across the membrane that requires the use of energy; moves against the concentration gradient
Protein A biomolecule made of one or more amino acid polymers folded into a complex structure that performs a specific function
Passive Transport Movement across a cell membrane without using energy
Semipermiable Allowing only some materials to pass through a membrane
Created by: olivia__frank
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