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SFDS Chap 16 1-3
SFDS Chapter 16 Sections 1, 2 and 3 the Civil War
| Key item | Definition |
|---|---|
| George B. McClellan | He was the head of the Union Army of the east. He was not a good leader though. He was undecisive and that caused him to lose the Peninsular Campaign. |
| War aims of the South | To win recognition as an independent nation. Strategy was defensive, hold as much land as long as possible. Get England and France on their side. |
| Army of the Potomac | Union army in the east. Led by George B. McClellan. One million soldiers and each served for three years. |
| New Orleans | David Farragut captured it. Largest city in the South. Confederacy could no longer use the Mississippi River to carry goods to sea. Union control almost all of the Mississippi River. |
| Abraham Lincoln | Union president,antislavery, issued the Proclamation of Emancipation, Republican nominee, won the election of 1860, wanted the south to stay in the union, underestimated advantage to the North. |
| Ulysses S. Grant | Commander of the Union troops in the west. Called "Unconditional Surrender" Grant. Won Fort Henry and Donelson. Wonderful commander for the north and was able to boost morale. |
| African American soldiers | In 1862 African Americans allowed to serve in the Union Army. Regiments are separate from the rest of the army. Received lower pay, 10 percent of the Union Army and 18 percent of the Navy. |
| Monitor v. Merrimack | Two warships made out of iron. Changed naval warfare forever. Transfer from wooden ships to metal ships and submarines. Neither ship won the battle but they changed it all forever. |
| African Americans in the North | Helped the army by spying, guides and cooks. Eventually will be allowed to enter the forces and fight for their freedom. |
| J.E.B. Stuart | Lee's calvary leader, led 1,200 troops in a circle around the Union Army, lost only one man in action, real name James E. B. Stuart. |
| Effects of the Emancipation Proclamation | Britain and France withheld recognition of the confederacy, a constitutional ammendment was made to abolish slavery it was the 13th Ammendment. However, the Emancipation Proclamation did not really free anyone. |
| First Battle of Bull Run | Began when 30,000 inexperienced soldiers attacked an equally inexperienced Confederate forcesw led by P.G.T. Beauregard. Happened in Manassas, VA near the Bull Run River. Stonewall Jackson came to win the battle for the south. |
| War aims of the North | 1.Blockade southern ports to prevent supplies from reaching the South and to prevent them from shipping cotton.2. Gain control of the Mississippi river to cut the confederacy in half. 3. Capture the capital of Richmon, VA. KEEP THE SOUTH IN THE UNION! |
| Peninsular Campaign | McClellan moved his army by sea and began a major offensive. Took many weeks Lincoln pushed him to fight, but his delays allowed the South to prepare the defense of Richmond. At end of June started the Seven Days Battle.Robert Lee led the south. N Fail |
| Robert E. Lee | He is the Confederate General. Works with J.E.B. Stuart. Led Southern forces in Antietam and the defense of Richmond. |
| Fort Henry and Donelson | On February 6 General Ulysses S. Grant captured Fort Henry and Donelson. This helped the Union by gaining control of the Tennessee River and Northern Mississippi. Also we able to control some railroads. |
| Ambrose Burnside | Lincoln put him in charge of the Army of the Potomac after he removed General McClellan after he did not pursue the Confederate troops to Virginia as Lincoln ordered. |
| The Battle of Antietam | September 17, 1862 in Sharpsburg, MD. Confederates led by Lee and Union my McClellan. North wins. McClellan was over cautious and waited four days until attacked. Bloodiest day of the war. All together 23,000 wounded or dead. Burnside replaces McCle |
| Battle of Shiloh | April 6-8,1862. General Grant took 20,000 union soldiers to Corinth, MS on the Tennessee River. Albert Sidney Johnson and P.G.T. Beauregard led attack for the South. Union won, but it was very close and heavy casualties on both sides. |
| African Americans in the South | 3.5 million enslaved African Americans, worked on plantations and in mines, some nurses and cooks in the army, southerners afraid of slave rebellion. |
| General Thomas Stonewall Jackson | A general for the rebels, rallied the troops and turned the Battle of Bull Run into a rebel victory. Marches troops to Richmond to help defend the southern capital with Lee. Leds troops to a victory in the Second Battle of Bull Run. |
| Jefferson Davis | President of the Confederate States of America. |
| Emancipation Proclamation | January 1, 1863, issued by President Lincoln it was to free all the enslaved African Americans in the rebelling states. Did not free the slaves that still existed in the borderstates. Important for the president to issue the proclamation. |
| Border states | States that bordered both the Union and the Confederacy: Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland and Delaware. |
| blockade | Close using ships and not allow goods in or out of the ports. |
| offensive | on the attack |
| Rebel | Confederate soldiers |
| Yankee | Union soldiers |
| blockade runner | sailors and merchants from the south that slipped past the blockade to get supplies in and out of the Confederacy |
| ironclad | warship with thick iron plates covering the sides. |
| casualties | people killed or wounded in battle |
| emancipate | free |
| ratify | approve an ammendment, law, constitution etc. |
Created by:
Mrs. Hastings
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