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INDI 2313
INDI 2313 - Indigenous peoples and urban community study terms
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Settler colonialism | Defined by: 1. Erecting a new colonial society 2. Logic of Elimination 3. Rights of oppressor are crucial while those of the colonized are not |
| Logic of Elimination | Can include, but not synonymous with, genocide. 1. Includes a positive aspect of erecting a new society on top of an existing Indigenous one. 2. Colonialism is a structure not an event. Suggests an element of continuum. |
| Ethnic mobility | Changes in self-reporting of identity from one census to another |
| Inherent rights | Inherent rights are distinct and separate from the rights of non-Indigenous people and are protected under Section 25 of the Canadian Charter of Human Rights. |
| Genocide | As defined by UN, it includes: killing, harming, inflicting poor conditions, preventing births, or removing children of a group |
| Enfranchisment | When the government replaces Indian status with Canadian citizenship. |
| White paper | Brought forward by Jean Chretien. Blames 'special status' of Indigenous peoples for the poverty on reserves. Attempted to remove legal barriers to further colonization and assimilation. |
| Hawthorne report | Brought forward the health and income disparities of Indigenous communities, but it also viewed urbanization as a solution. |
| Surplus population theory | The myth that sub par living conditions on reserves was caused by overpopulation. |
| Urban area | Population of at least 1000 and density of 400 people/square km |
| Community | A collectivity with shared identity or interests, that has the capacity to act or express itself as a collective |
| Aboriginal groups | A set of legal terms defined in the Constitution act ( 1982) section 35 (2). It includes First Nation, Inuit, and Métis |
| Registered Indian | A person who is registered under the Indian Act of Canada |
| Treaty Indian | A person who belongs to a First Nation or Indian band that signed a treaty with the Crown. |
| Métis | A person who self-identifies as Métis, is distinct from other Aboriginal peoples, is of historic Métis Nation Ancestry and who is accepted by the Métis Nation. |
| Inuit | A person who is Indigenous lives primarily in Inuit Nunangat |
| Economic Marginalization | High levels of poverty in urban centers. Tied to settler-colonialism. |
| Racism | Structural discrimination against non-white people. Rooted in white supremacy. |
| Social exclusion | Difficulty accessing resources,rights, and capacities i.e reporting crimes, renting apartments, etc |
| Cultural diversity | A high number of different nations represented among an Indigenous population |
| Legal diversity | A high number of different treaties and statuses represented among an Indigenous population |
| Race | A construct that supports settler colonial efforts via encoding and reproducing unequal relationship. |
| Population change can be attributed to: | natural increase, net-migration, and ethnic mobility. |
| Natural increase | The number of births of a population are greater than the number of deaths |
| Net-migration | Difference between immigration and emigration. |
| Status Blindness | When a service recognizes and provides services to an Indigenous individual regardless of their nation or status. |
| Informal Networks | Support networks comprised of friends or chosen family |
| Assimilation | A discursive formation based on reservations and boarding schools that attacked every aspect of Native American life—religion, speech, political freedoms, economic liberty, and cultural diversity. |
| 60's Scoop | A period of high Indigenous child apprehension. The children were taken and put into white foster homes, |
| Ottawa Experiment | A program based out of Ottawa run by Indian Affairs designed to provide young Indigenous women with domestic work |
| Migration | Movement of people to a new area in order to find work or better living conditions |
| Section 91 (24) of the BNA act | Reads: "The federal government has power over the subject matter of “Indians, and Lands reserved for the Indians.” |
| Environmental Dispossession Perspective | Indigenous health inequities can be traced to historical processes of individual and collective dispossession originating from forced relocation, natural resource extraction, and changing environments |
| Environmental Repossession Perspective | The social, cultural, and political processes through which Indigenous peoples are re-covering ancestral homelands and re-vitalizing cultural Indigenous lifeways to improve health and wellness outcomes |
| Diaspora | People’s movement or dispersal from their homeland |
| Diasporic consciousness | Sense of connection to where one is as well as where one is from |
| The Oliver Act | Refers to two amendments to the Indian Act spearheaded by Frank Oliver to increase settler access to Indigenous reserve lands |
| USAI Research Framework | Created by the OFIFC to guide Indigenous research projects conducted with urban Indigenous communities in which the OFIFC is involved. USAI stands for utility, self voicing, access and interrelationality |
| The Aboriginal Peoples Survey | A voluntary national survey on the social and economic conditions of First Nations people living off reserve, Métis and Inuit |
| Idle No More | A peaceful revolution in response to recent omnibus bills and ongoing colonization. The movement honours Indigenous sovereignty and protects the land and water |
| Indigenous resurgence | Views colonialism as an active structure of domination premised on Indigenous elimination. Thus, it asserts that Indigenous peoples must turn away from hostile environments and pursue independent programs of social and cultural rejuvenation |
| Indigenous resistance | Views colonialism as an active structure of domination premised on Indigenous elimination. Thus it asserts that Indigenous people must actively engage with the state to defend their sovereignty, lands and waters. |
| Co-Production of services | The emerging conception of service provision having direct community involvement in service planning and delivery |
| Indian hospitals | Were racially segregated hospitals, originally serving as tuberculosis sanatoria but later operating as general hospitals for Indigenous peoples in Canada |
| Jordan’s Principle | Principle states that the government of first contact be responsible to ensure First Nations children access to public services on the same terms as other children. |
| NIMBYism | Negative response by community members which prevents people or ‘undesirable’ from being located within the community |
| Adequately housed | Living in a place that is keeping with your culture, having access to appropriate services, schools and employment and not having to worry about being evicted or having your home or lands taken away |
| Sense of home | A relational, social, and cultural construct that transcends being housed. |
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