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Children's Language
The study of children's language
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Which word class do children tend to use and why? | Nouns because they use it in their language to get what they want |
| Why is language important for children? | It allows them to participate in everyday life |
| According to Stephen Pinker, what is speech? | Speech is a distinct piece of the biological makeup of our brains and is universal to humans |
| What to the noises that children make cause? | Thoughts to be formed by others |
| Where are babies prepared for language? | In the womb |
| How does an infant make vowel sounds? | Since the new born has a vocal tract, the larynx periscopes up and engages the nasal passage, forcing the infant to breath through the nose |
| What three things are part of our identity? | Playing with language, singing and planning |
| What three things confuses software? | Different speakers, homophones and accents |
| Why shouldn't there be music, sounds or other additional entertainment features when teaching children letter sounds? | Children can lose concentration very easily |
| What two things are provided to speed up the process of learning phonic sounds? | Booklets and teaching resources |
| When teaching phonics, why do teachers sound out each letter before saying the word? | So that the learner has a model of it |
| What physical technique speeds up the process of learning phonic sounds? | Performing the movements of the sound |
| By the end of unit one of learning the basics of the English language, how many words does the average child spell correctly and know very well? | 90 simplistic words |
| Why should phonics be taught in a routine? | The child can predict which speeds up the learning process |
| Define "Motherees" | Language used by carers for young children |
| What is a child's first attempt at communicating with the world? | Crying |
| What is crying and which linguistic category does it fall into? | A baby's way of communicating and it falls into prosodics |
| What is the Vegetative Stage? | A technical term for crying and natural uncreative sounds that a baby makes between 0-12 months |
| What is the Cooing Stage? | An early sign of communication in babies between 2-5 months where it uses basic repetitive vowel sounds and occasional consonant sounds |
| What is the Vocal Play Stage? | An intermediate stage where babies coo and babble at around 4-8 months |
| What six consonants does an average baby learn at the Vocal Play Stage? | M, N, D, B, G and S |
| What is the Holophrastic Period? | A period that is marked by the formation of the first word or single word utterances |
| What is the Early Single Word Stage? | A stage marked by first recognisable utterances, usually reduplicated phonemes but with clear purpose or reference to a thing in the world |
| What is the Late Single Word Stage? | A stage marked by more advanced word utterances and complex phonetics |
| What four words are developed at the Late Single Word Stage? | Names, simple nouns, "yes" and "no" |
| What is the Telegraphic Period? | A period where children begin to string words together in the form of a sentence, but using incomplete vocabulary |
| What is the Two Word Stage? | A stage at 24 months where children use minimum words to convey meaning of a whole sentence, start acquiring rules of syntax and demonstrate semantic relations with two words |
| What is the importance of linguistic reinforcement? | It assists the child’s use of language and encourages development |
| What is phonological development? | The process of learning sounds and acquiring lexis |
| Can children acquire a correct knowledge of grammar simply by imitation? | No because sentences are rarely spoken in the same way twice |
| Do children have the ability to construct sentences without hearing the speech of others? | Yes because hey discover the principles that underline the constructions and are then able to generate new utterances |
| What is object permanence? | It is the child’s ability to recognise that objects have an existence independent of his or her interaction with them |
| What is seriation? | This is the child’s ability to arrange objects, such as stories, in order or increasing or decreasing size |
| What are the two conventions of conversation of children that assist pragmatic development? | Turn taking and question and answer sequences |
| What is child directed speech and why should it be preferred over motherees and fatherees? | It is the way in which parents or carers speak to the children, and it should be used because mothers and fathers communicate differently to their children |
| Describe four phonological features of child directed speech | Slower pronunciation, more pauses, higher pitch and exaggerated intonation |
| Describe three lexical features of child directed speech | Simpler restricted vocabulary, diminutive forms and reduplication |
| Describe seven grammatical features of child directed speech | Simpler constructions, pauses, sentence frames, imperatives, repetition, frequent questions and infrequent personal pronouns |
| Describe four discourse features of child directed speech | Tag questions, expansion, feedback and face to face communication |
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13hored
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