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U.S. History Final 2
US History Terms for Second Semester Final
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| FDR’s main goals in fighting the depression | relief, recovery, and reform |
| Years for the Great Depression | 1930’s |
| Causes of the Great Depression | drought and Dust Bowl, overproduction of goods, consumer debt, stock market crash |
| New Deal | a series of laws and programs to help end the Great Depression |
| Shanty Towns | Hoovervilles or “the slums” |
| What event brought an end to the Great Depression? | WWII |
| Roosevelt’s fireside chats impact | Informal radio broadcasts made FDR seem compassionate and responsive |
| Why did voters vote for Roosevelt over Hoover | Warmth and promise of a New Deal |
| Why was the New Deal a turning point in U. S. history? | Used government programs to improve the lives of citizens |
| Holocaust | The violent deaths of a large number of people |
| How many Jews were killed during the Holocaust | 6 million |
| Other groups that were killed during the Holocaust | Gypsy and Homosexuals |
| What religious group was killed by Germans in Concentration Camps? | Jehovah's Witnesses |
| Under German rule, before Concentration Camps, where were Jews forced to live? | Ghettos |
| Genocide | Killing members of a group and preventing births within the group |
| What happened to Hitler in the end? | He committed suicide |
| In addition to the gas chambers, how did Nazi’s kill off the Jews? | starvation |
| During the Holocaust, how were families separated? | Men, women, children, and elderly all separated from one another |
| Holocaust and annihilation | gas chambers, gun massacre, beaten to death |
| What is the name for the laws that began to take away the rights of German Jews? | Nuremberg Laws |
| Democracy | Government by the people |
| Fascism | Governmental system led by a dictator having complete power |
| Blitzkrieg | A form of a military attack |
| Kamikaze | Japanese suicide pilots |
| Axis Powers | Germany, Italy, and Japan. |
| Why did United States decide to stay isolated from foreign affairs when WWII started? | Citizens felt they were dragged into WWI, citizens felt they should concentrate on problems at home, and Congress passed laws that prevented the U.S. from taking sides |
| Pearl Harbor events | occurred Sunday, Dec. 7, 1941. Crippled the Pacific fleet. Approx. 3,000 Americans were killed |
| Why did Great Britain and France declare war on Germany? | Germany invaded Poland |
| What event caused the U.S. to enter WWII? | Japan bombed Pearl Harbor |
| Under what plan did the U. S. provided massive financial aid to rebuild European economies and prevent the spread of communism? | Marshall Plan |
| Capitalist, Communist, Dictatorial, and Socialist meanings and which countries follow which ideals? | Capitalism (the U.S.) |
| Baby Boom | Affected the demographics of the U.S. society, refers to large numbers of babies born from 1945-1962, result of men returning after WWII |
| Similarities between the US and the Soviet Union during the Cold War | had political and economic ideologies, were competing in arms and space race, formed military alliances |
| Cold War time period | 1945-1991 |
| Cuban Missile Crisis | The 1962 confrontation between the U.S. and the Soviet Union that almost escalated into a third world war |
| A state of tension between the U.S. and the Soviet Union without actual fighting | cold war |
| The war that created divisiveness among Americans throughout the 1960s | Vietnam War |
| How did women help in WWII | Among others, joined the military, went to the workforce in factories, and became nurses |
| What kind of policy did Martin L. King, Jr., and other members of SCLC encouraged? | nonviolent protest |
| Freedom Riders | They brought a federal ban on segregation in all interstate travel facilities |
| Malcolm X | Appealed to many African Americans’ anger and frustration over a lack of social and economic power and preached a militant approach to civil rights |
| Sit-Ins | Civil rights activists used this technique to force segregated establishments (businesses) to serve African Americans |
| Civil Rights and Martin Luther King, Jr. | Many had long been deprived of their civil rights and MLK Jr.’s “I Have a Dream” speech during the March on Washington in August 1963, appealed to African Americans |
| Vietnamization | Term created by President Nixon to end U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War |
| McCarthyism | Term given for the mass fear and hysteria about possible communists in the U.S. after WWII |
| The Highway Act of 1956 | Created 41,000 miles of expressways to connect major American cities stimulating the American economy, shortening travel time between cities, encouraging urban growth along major travel arteries and gave us independence |
| The two nations divided at the 38th parallel | north and south korea |
| Watergate | Based on the outcome and subsequent resignation of President Nixon, many have used the scandal to point out the success of the Constitution as a living document that applies to all Americans |
| How did Truman justified dropping the atomic bomb on Japan? | Didn’t want to lose anymore American troops by launching a direct land invasion of Japan |
| The Manhattan Project | The American development of an atomic bomb |
Created by:
KarinaAhumada
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