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WW ll

TermDefinition
Franklin D. Roosevelt President of the US when the war started
Adolf Hitler Dictator of Germany/Leader of the Nazi Party
Benito Mussolini Dictator of Italy
Winston Churchill Prime Minister (Leader) of the British government
Hideki Tojo Leader of Japan
Joseph Stalin Dictator of Russia (USSR)- Union of Soviet Socialist Republic
Admiral Chester Nimitz commander of the U.S. Pacific Fleet
General Dwight D. Eisenhower Commander of all of the Allied Forces. Would later become president of the U.S.
General George S. Patton Led U.S. Forces in the Battle of the Bulge and the march to Germany
General Douglas MacArthur planned the strategy of island hopping. Gain control of the islands in the Pacific from Japan and use them as American military bases to defeat Japan
President Harry S. Truman FDR dies suddenly and VP Truman is sworn in as president. Will lead US through the end of the war. Decided to use atomic bomb on Japan in hope of surrender and avoiding invasion that would cost more American lives
President Harry S. Truman FDR dies suddenly and VP Truman is sworn in as president. Will lead US through the end of the war. Decided to use atomic bomb on Japan in hope of surrender and avoiding invasion that would cost more American lives
Anne Frank 13 year old Jewish girl from the Netherlands. Hid with her family for nearly 2 years in a hiding place over her father’s office. She kept a diary which is one of the best accounts of the life of Jews under Nazi rule. She died in a concentration camp
Allied Powers Britain, France, United States, some smaller Countries
Axis Power Germany, Italy, Japan
Dictator A leader who gains complete control of a country’s government, often by force or intimidation
Fascism a form of government where individual freedoms are denied and complete power is given to the government. Extreme nationalism
Lend-Lease the U.S. let Britain borrow all of the military supplies it needed to fight the Axis and did not ask for payment. Isolationists protested because they thought FDR was leading the U.S. into war.
Rationing government limiting the amount of food, gasoline, etc. that people could buy. Stamps for products were sent out monthly.
Victory Gardens small vegetable gardens planted to help increase the amount of food available in the countries. They were in yards and even on rooftops.
Atomic bomb massive explosive device made by splitting atoms.
Manhattan Project government code name for the development of the bomb
Holocaust widespread destruction. Nazis killed over 6 million Jews in concentration camps during the war. Hitler wanted to rid Europe of Jews.
Concentration Camps confinement camps where Nazis sent the Jewish people they captured. Jews were killed or worked or starved to death. Allied forces freed the survivors from the camps
Battle of Midway Small island near Hawaii.Japan wanted to destroy the rest of the Pacific Fleet after Pearl Harbor. June 1942-Allies destroy Japanese Pacific Fleet and severely weaken their naval power.Allies get back small islands
Battle of Stalingrad Germans tried to take over city and destroyed it. Soviet soldiers held and Germany had to surrender and were forced to retreat from Russia.
Battle of Iwo Jima the toughest for US Marines to take. After US took Iwo Jima, they took Okinawa, Japan, but lost 50,000 soldiers between the two battles. Japan lost more. The victory here led the plan for the invasion of Japan by the Allies.
VE Day Victory in Europe Day: May 8, 1945
Invasion of Normandy Normandy, France: Force of 175,000 Allied soldiers and 6.000 ships attacked on June 6, 1945 known as D-Day. Largest invasion by sea in world history
Hiroshima, Japan August 6, 1945. Air force bomber plane Enola Gay dropped atomic bomb on the city. Completely destroyed the city and killed over 80,000 in a few SECONDS. Three days later, another bomb was dropped on Nagasaki, Japan. Led to the final surrender of Japan.
VJ Day Victory in Japan: August 14, 1945
Costs of War Bloodiest war in the history of the world Lost more than 400,000 US soldiers 40-50 million soldiers and civilians died Only Civil War had more loss of American lives Europe cities and farm lands were destroyed New weapon – atomic power
Created by: 00026419
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