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Spring 19 Benchmark
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why did Spain explore the New World? | To find valuable resources like GOLD and to convert natives to Christianity. |
| Why did the French explore the New World? | To trade with natives for goods like FUR. |
| What were the economic activities of NEW ENGLAND? | Lumbering, fishing, ship building, and trade (natural harbors) |
| What was the Proclamation of 1763? | Law forbid colonists from moving west of the APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS, angered colonists. |
| What acts did Britain pass on the colonies that angered the colonists | Sugar Act, Stamp Act, and Intolerable Acts. Colonists boycotted, protested, and had the Boston Tea Party |
| What was the Northwest Ordinance? | Law established a way for admitting new states to the US, territories govern themselves. (Created in the Articles of Confederation) |
| What was a Federalist? | A person that supported ratifying (approving) the Constitution. Believed it created new government that was powerful but not too powerful. |
| Who were famous Federalists? | Alexander Hamilton and James Madison |
| What was an Anti-Federalist? | Person against the Constitution, believed it created a new government that was too strong and needed a Bill of Rights |
| Who were famous Anti-Federalists? | Patrick Henry, George Mason |
| What rights do the 1st Amendment protect? | Rights to free speech, religion, press, petition, assembly |
| What is the 8th Amendment? | Freedom from cruel or unusual punishment |
| What is the 10th Amendment? | Right not given to the federal government are rights of the STATES. |
| What was the Whiskey Rebellion? | Washington taxed whiskey to raise money for the US, but farmers began to riot. Washington used military force to stop it. |
| What was the Democratic-Republican Party? | Led by Thomas Jefferson, wanted less Federal government power, no national bank, and economy should be based on agriculture. |
| What did Washington's Farewell Address WARN the US about? | Making political parties. Don't get involved with other country's political affairs/problems. |
| What did Marbury v. Madison establish? | Established Judicial Review which gave Supreme Court power to declare laws unconstitutional. |
| What was the Nullification Crisis? | Problem over if the state of South Carolina had the right to nullify (overturn) a Federal law, argument over states' rights vs. federal rights. |
| What was the effect of INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS? | Made manufacturing more efficient to make things, led to mass production and cheaper prices. |
| What is URBANIZATION? | People move from rural farm areas to cities to work in factories, city population exploded |
| Why did the Irish immigrate to America? | The potato famine in Ireland caused many to starve to death, so many Irish left |
| What was the Mexican Cession? | Land US acquired after US-Mexican War as stated in the Treaty Guadalupe Hidalgo. |
| What was an abolitionist? | People who worked to end slavery, Harriet Beecher Stowe, Frederick Douglas |
| What was the Compromise of 1850 | Agreement between North and South over the issue of slavery, California becomes a Free State but a strict Fugitive Slave Law is passed |
| What was the Kansas-Nebraska Act? | Agreement that attempted to solve slavery issue, violence erupted as a result of law. |
| What was important about the Appomattox Court House? | Confederacy surrenders to Union, ending the Civil War, located in Virginia. |
| What was the Freedman's Bureau? | Worked to help freed slaves get an education, clothing, food, and jobs. |
| What was the 13th amendment? | Abolished slavery, African Americans were free to move wherever they wanted. |
| What was the Transcontinental Railroad? | Ran from East Coast to West Coast, encouraged settlement out West, opened new markets to sell goods, and prices of goods decreased. |
| What year did we acquire Florida? | In 1819 |
| Why did the writers of the Articles of Confederation make the government WEAK? | They feared a strong government that may lead to a powerful king. |
| Why did Britain pass TAX ACTS on the colony? | To help get money back from the costly French and Indian War. |
| What was an effect of the Cotton Gin? | The spread of slavery increased in the South and parts in the West |
| What was impressment? | British kidnapping sailors to work on their ships. One of the causes of the War of 1812. |
| What was the Hudson River School | Group of artists that began painting nature landscapes in America. |
| Who settled in New England? | Puritans, to practice their religion freely. |
| What did Andrew Jackson do when the Supreme Court ruled in favor of the Cherokees? | He ignored the ruling and sent troops to clear natives off their lands. |
| What job did the Chinese Immigrants mostly do? | Build railroad tracks in the West. |
| Who was Susan B. Anthony? | A leader in Women's Suffrage (voting rights). |
Created by:
MrJamesIMMS
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