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Domestic Policy
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| national debt | the total amount the government owes across all years |
| deficit | the annual amount by which expenditures are greater than revenues |
| discretionary spending | government spending that Congress must pass legislation to authorize each year |
| entitlement | a program that guarantees benefits to members of a specific group or segment of the population |
| excise taxes | taxes applied to specific goods or services as a source of revenue |
| Keynesian economics | an economic policy based on the idea that economic growth is closely tied to the ability of individuals to consume goods and that government spending can stimulate a lagging economy |
| laissez-faire | an economic policy that assumes the key to economic growth and development is for the government to allow private markets to operate efficiently without interference |
| mandatory spending | government spending earmarked for entitlement programs guaranteeing support to those who meet certain qualifications |
| Medicaid | a health insurance program for low-income citizens |
| Medicare | an entitlement health insurance program for older people and retirees who no longer get health insurance through their work |
| progressive tax | a tax that tends to increase the effective tax rate as the wealth or income of the tax payer increases |
| public policy | the purposeful course of action government takes to address matters of concern to some part of society |
| recession | a temporary contraction of the economy in which there is no economic growth for two consecutive quarters |
| regressive tax | a tax applied at a lower overall rate as individuals’ income rises |
| regulatory policy | a policy that regulates companies and organizations in a way that protects the public |
| Social Security | a social welfare policy for people who no longer receive an income from employment |