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Congress
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| apportionment | the process by which seats in the House of Representatives are distributed among the fifty states |
| bicameralism | the political process that results from dividing a legislature into two separate assemblies |
| bill | proposed legislation under consideration by a legislature |
| cloture | a parliamentary process to end a debate in the Senate, as a measure against the filibuster; invoked when three-fifths of senators vote for the motion |
| conference committee | a special type of joint committee that reconciles different bills passed in the House and Senate so a single bill results |
| constituents | the group of voters represented by a particular elected official; the group of votes that elected him or her |
| enumerated powers | the powers given explicitly to the federal government by the Constitution to regulate interstate and foreign commerce, raise and support armies, declare war, coin money, and conduct foreign affairs |
| filibuster | a parliamentary maneuver used in the Senate to extend debate on a piece of legislation as long as possible, typically with the intended purpose of obstructing or killing it |
| implied powers | the powers not specifically detailed in the U.S. Constitution but inferred as necessary to achieve the objectives of the national government |
| joint committee | a legislative committee consisting of members from both chambers that investigates certain topics but lacks bill referral authority |
| majority leader | the leader of the majority party in either the House or Senate; |
| markup | the amending and voting process in a congressional committee |
| minority leader | the party member who directs the activities of the minority party on the floor of either the House or the Senate |
| oversight | the right to review and monitor other bodies such as the executive branch |
| House Majority Leader | in the House, the majority leader serves under the Speaker of the House, |
| Senate Majority leader | in the Senate, the majority leader is the functional leader and chief spokesperson for the majority party |
| pork-barrel politics | federal spending intended to benefit a particular district or set of constituents |
| president pro tempore | the senator who acts in the absence of the actual president of the Senate, who is also the vice president of the United States; the president pro tempore is usually the most senior senator of the majority party |
| select committee | a small legislative committee created to fulfill a specific purpose and then disbanded; also called an ad hoc, or special, committee |
| Speaker of the House | the presiding officer of the House of Representatives and the leader of the majority party; the Speaker is second in the presidential line of succession, after the vice president |
| standing committee | a permanent legislative committee that meets regularly |
| whip | in the House and in the Senate, a high leadership position whose primary duty is to enforce voting discipline in the chambers and conferences |
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sharimaclachlan
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