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Great Depression
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| which industries were in trouble during the 1920s | -agriculture, railroads, textile mills, and mines |
| what businesses could not do when they could not sell their products | - when products piled up in warehouses because no one bought them businesses could not pay for materials, equipment, shipping, and salaries- they fired men |
| what is “buying on margin” is and when it would only work | - pay a small amount of the price as a downpayment and borrowed the rest. When they sold the stock, they repaid the loan and kept the rest as profit. This system worked as long as prices rose. |
| what happened to banks and what they did after the stock market crashed | - Banks demanded that people pay back the money they borrowed to buy the stocks. Banks ran short of money when people could not pay back the loans, and this caused people to withdraw their savings from banks but the bank had no money= they had to close. |
| what President Hoover’s thoughts were on government interference during the depression | -It would hurt the economy even more |
| the name of villages with huts filled with homeless people during the depression | -Hoovervilles |
| the name of the project when Pres. Hoover loaned federal money to states | - Public works projects; government-funded projects to build resources such as roads and dams, and these projects create jobs. |
| how was President Roosevelt different than President Hoover | - He gave Americans hope; He was willing to try new ideas and change the way government worked |
| what is President Roosevelt’s “Brain Trust” and who was included | Roosevelt had no set way to end the depression, but he set up a brain trust, which included college professors and economists. |
| what did President Roosevelt do to boost the public’s confidence | -He declared a “bank holiday” - a temporary shutdown of all banks; He promised that only the banks that were in good shape would be allowed to reopen; Began giving “fireside chats |
| what were the goals of the laws passed during President Roosevelt’s first term in office | - Relief-for the hungry and jobless; Recovery-for agriculture and industry; Reforms-change the way the economy work |
| why did some people oppose President Roosevelt’s “New Deal” | -they opposed the growth of the federal government and were concerned about how they would pay for the programs as well as thought it was moving the country toward socialism |
| what is the Social Security Act and who did it help | Workers and employers made payments into a special fund, from which they would draw a pension after they retired. It also gave help to laid-off workers, disabled workers, and needy families with dependent children- did not help regular workers |
| why did the Supreme Court not support President Roosevelt’s programs | - They felt some gave too much power to the federal government- these actions threatened to destroy the New Deal. |
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