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SFDS Chapter 15

SFDS Chapter 15 Road to Civil War

Key ItemDefinition
The Missouri Compromise Created in 1820 by Henry Clay. Missouri would enter the Union as a slave state and Maine would enter as a free state. Preserved the balance in the Senate. Also no slavery about the 36 30 line of latitude and slavery allowed below it.
Wilmot Proviso Created by David Wilmot. Proposal to Congress that slavery should be prohibited in the new lands acquired from the war with Mexico.
fugitive Runaway, usually referring to slaves.
secede Leave the United States.
The Compromise of 1850 1. California would be admitted as a free state. 2. New Mexico Territory would have no restrictions on slavery. 3. New Mexico-Texas border dispute would be settled in favor of NM. 4. Slave trade abolished in DC. 5. Stronger fugitive slave law.
Fugitive Slave Act Required all citizens to help catch runaways.
Popular Sovereignty Created by Stephen Douglas. The territories of Kansas and Nebraska would decide if they wanted slavery or not. Essentially vote on the issue and majority rules.
Border Ruffians Proslavery supporters who traveled across the Missouri border just to vote in the popular sovereignty elections.
Kansas-Nebraska Act Stated that Kansas and Nebraska Territories would decide if they wanted to have slavery or ban it.
John Brown Felt called by God to abolish slavery. Attacked and killed 5 proslavery supporters in Kansas. Also the leader of the raid on Harper's Ferry Aresnal in Haper's Ferry, Virginia. Became a martyr for the abolitionist cause when he was hung for his crimes.
arsenal A storage place for weapons and ammunition.
Civil War A conflict between citizens of the same country.
Martyr a person who dies for a great cause.
Dred Scott Supreme Court Case Roger B Taney decided that Scott, a slave, has no right to bring the lawsuit to court because he was not a US citizen. Just because Scott visited free soil did not make him free. He was still "property." The Missouri Compromise is unconstitutional.
Roger B. Taney The Chief Justice in charge of the Dred Scott case. His decision meant that the Constitution upheld the practice of slavery.
Abraham Lincoln A virtaul unknown until he challenged Stephan Douglas to a series of debates to win the sentor seat of IL.Felt that slavery was morally wrong.Became president after the election of 1860 because the south left him off ballots, the north used their people.
Stephan A Douglas "Little Giant." The incumbant sentor in the IL sentorial race, went against Lincoln in a series of debates. Created popular sovereignty. Also helped Henry Clay pass the Compromise of 1850.
Freeport Doctrine Created by Stephen Douglas. Idea that people could exclude slavery by refusing to pass laws protecting the rights of slaveholders.
Harper's Ferry John Brown and his followers attacked an arsenal in Harper's Ferry, VA. Had convinced a group of African American slaves to join him in the attack. Caught, charged with treason and murder. Sentences to death by hanging. Became a martyr for abolition.
The Election of 1860 Lincoln won the election because he had the votes of the North. Since the north had more people, Lincoln was voted president above the nominations from the south. Caused South Carolina to secede.
Crittenden Compromise Created by John Crittenden. Proposed to create an amendment to the Constitution to protect slavery below the 36 30 latitude.
Confederate States of America Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North, Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Arkansas, and Virginia. "The South"
Jefferson Davis President of the Confederate States of America.
State's Right The idea that states entered into the Constitution like a contract and were allowed to leave the Union if they felt the contract violated. Their reason for creating their own country.
secession withdrawl from the Union.
Fort Sumter April 12, 1861. The south attacked Fort Sumter on an island in the Charleston Harbor that was occupied by the union army. The fort held for 33 hours and then surrendered to the Confederate forces. The first battle of the war.
Sectionalism An exaggerated loyalty to a specific region.
Abstain Not to cast a vote.
Missouri The state that wanted to come into the Union as a slave state in 1819. It was going to upset the balance of power in the Senate in favor of the South. Is going to enter as a slave state with Maine as a free state to keep the power even.
Henry Clay The Great Compromiser. Created the Missouri Compromise and the Compromise of 1850.
Western Lands There was a big debate as to the issue of slavery in the lands in the west that were acquired from Mexico during the Mexican-American war. Especially the states of Texas, New Mexico, and California. Caused the Wilmot Proviso and Calhoun's Proposal.
John C. Calhoun A Senator from South Carolina. Became the voice of the South. Felt that neither Congress nor any territorial government had the authority to ban slavery from a territory or regulate it in any way.
Free Soil Party Made up of antislavery Whigs and Democrats. Believed in "Free Soil, Free men, Free labor and free speech."
Zachary Taylor Became president in 1848. Wanted California and New Mexico to apply for statedhood immediately. The threat of admitted new non-slave states caused Southerners to threaten to secede.
California Was going to enter the Union as a free state. Will cause the South to threaten to secede if they do enter as a free state.
Stephen A. Douglas A young senator from Illinois. Is going to help push through the passage of the Compromise of 1850. Is also going to create the idea of popular sovereignty in the Kansas-Nebraska Act.
Bleeding Kansas The mini-civil war that happened in Kansas. Proslavery supports from Missouri are going to attack antislavery supporters in Kansas. The fist time that people fight and bleed over the issue of slavery.
civil war A conflict between citizens of the same country.
Created by: Mrs. Hastings
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