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us history category
us history
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| who is Christopher Columbus? | the man who arrived in the new world in 1492. he was Spanish. he began the establishment of European colonies in North America. |
| what is the pre-Columbia era? | the period before Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World. |
| Who are Native Americans/Indians? | people who lived in America before the English men.their culture was based on respect for nature.they were separated in different tribes;they were independent of each other. complex societies and religions. |
| who is sir Walter Raleigh? | he was an English man and a major jerk who settled on Roanoke Island(part of north Carolina) in 1587. by 1950 the colony had disappeared:Lost Colony. |
| what is Roanoke Island? | It's the colony settled by sir Walter Raleigh in 1857 and disappeared in 1950 because the people who lived there wanted food and when Sir Raleigh came back late from England with food they all disappeared so it was called the Lost Colony. |
| what is Joint-stock Company? | it's a group of investors who bought the right to establish New World plantations from the king. |
| what is the Virginia Company? | it's the name of the joint-stock company. they paid for Jamestown. |
| what is Jamestown? | it's the territory which was settled by English in 1606.it was owned by Virginia Company.It had a really bad environment so the settlers almost all die and they didn't want to work to have food but John Smith saved them with tobacco. |
| what is Maryland? | Maryland is one of the southern colonies, his capital is Annapolis.It became the first major catholic enclave in the New World. |
| What are Separatists? | devout Christians who fled the old world(Europe) for fear of outside influence(pollution of christian ways). |
| What are Puritans? | they bring Christianity/western civilization to areas that are not Christians. they feel they have a moral obligation to do this. they want pure Christianity.They wanted to purify the Church of England. |
| What was the Mayflower Compact? | document signed by Pilgrims on November 21,1620.they agreed to form a temporary government and be bound by laws. basis of government in Plymouth Colony. |
| Who is Squanto? | Indian captured and enslaved by English for 3 years. learned English and became translator for the Wampanoag. |
| Who is Massassoit? | Sachem(chief) of the Wampanoag and the region. not a king but leads. |
| What is the Massachusetts Bay colony? | Was a larger and more powerful colony in 1629. Established by Congregationalists. Began what is know as "the great puritan migration", lasted from 1629-1642. Led by governor Jon Winthrop. MA developed along Puritan ideals. |
| Who is John Winthrop? | The founder of Boston. Well off attorney and manor lord in England. Believed he had a "calling" from God to lead there. Sermon: "city on a hill". Served as governor or deputy-governor for 19 yrs. |
| what was the intention of John Winthrop in the idea of a "shining city on a hill"? | John Winthrop wanted to create a perfect example of what the Church of England have to be and he wanted that everybody see his creation;his city |
| Who was Roger Williams? | Was a puritan "rebel". Young, popular minister in Salem. Argued for a full break with Anglican Church. Denied authority of civil govt. to regulate religious behavior. 1635-found guilty of preaching new & dangerous opinions and was exiled. |
| What was Rhode Island's role? | In 1636 Roger Williams fled there. Had a remarkable political freedom in this providence. RI becomes known as a "sewer" because it is seen by the puritans as a dumping ground for unbelievers and religious dissenters-more liberal than any other colony! |
| Who is Ann Hutchinson? | English woman,a puritan "rebel".believed that faith and God's grace suffice to earn one a place among the "elect".Her teachings challenged Puritan beliefs and the authority of Puritan clergy.She was tried of heresy,condemned,& banished. |
| What is the Act of Toleration? | It's an Act that declares that Maryland is a haven of religious tolerance for all Christians and it became the first major Catholic enclave in America. |
| What is the Protestant Reformation? | The Protestant Reformation was a 16th Christian reform movement in Europe which began with Martin Luther's 95 Theses in 1517. It was to reform the Catholic Church.Resulted of the establishment of the Protestant Churches. |
| Who consisted of the town meetings? | Usually were men and they often involved with the church. |
| who is Leif Eriksson? | he was a Norse explorer who was the first European to land in North America 492 years before Christopher Columbus. he established a Norse settlement at Vinland, in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. |
| why smallpox is important in the New World history? | Smallpox is an infectious disease unique to humans, and English men brought it to the New World and it devastated the Native Americans,for example in Plymouth, and it was an important factor in the conquest of the Aztecs and the Incas by the Spaniards. |
| Who was John Smith? | He was an English man who,arrived in Jamestown,imposed Martial laws(no more rights) and he forced settlers to work to have something to eat. He saved Jamestown. |
| Why Tobacco was important for Jamestown? | Tobacco saved Jamestown:all the economy was based on it, they sold it to England. They made large plantations of tobacco and it widely spread apart. |
| what was Powhatan Confederacy? | It was an Indian tribe who dominated a few dozen small tribes in the James River area.Then the English arrived and between them and the Powhatan confederacy there were many conflicts: peace treaty in 1646 but Powhatans had to leave their land. |
| What is House of Burgesses? | it's the very first local government. It was established in 1619. Any property-holding,white man could vote.It's the first legislative assembly. |
| When did established slavery? | In 1619 the first African slaves arrived in the New World. |
| Who are Indentured Servants? | They are mostly young and single European immigrants who entered into work contracts for 7 years or more or less in exchange for free passage to America and sometimes a promise of land at the end of the contract. |
| What is Predestination? | It's the belief that God has planed out your life before your birth.belief of the Puritans. |
| Who is William Penn? | He is a Quaker and the man who created Pennsylvania to provide a refuge for persecuted English Quakers.He established liberal policies toward religious freedom and civil liberties in his colony.He tried to be more fair with Native Americans. |
| What are the Quakers? | They are Christians who don't want to be with Christian Church because of the Protestant Reformation.They were persecuted by Puritans because Puritans perceived them as dangerous radicals. |
| What is Pennsylvania? | It's the land that the King Charles II offered to William Penn.It was a refuge for Quakers who were persecuted and the attitude(religious freedom,civil liberties) of William Penn attracted many European settlers. |
| What is Plymouth Colony? | It's the territory where Pilgrims landed and settled. |
| What is the Middle Passage? | It's the shipping route that brought the slaves to the Americas. It was the middle leg of the triangular trade route among the colonies,Europe and Africa. |
| What is the Triangular Trade Route? | It's the way among colonies,Europe and Africa.Slaves from Africa were taken to the New World but they stop before by Cuba to take sugar to the New World and then they arrive in America they leave slaves and go to Africa with Rum. |
| What is the Pequot War? | The Indian tribe named Pequots lived in MA,they resisted to English incursions and they attacked a settlement in Wakefield and killed 9 colonists.Settlers burned the main Pequot village,killing 400, (women&children):near destuction of Pequots:Pequot War. |
| Who is Metacom/King Phillip? | He was the son of Massassoit,he leads the Wampanoags. |
| What is the King Phillip's War? | King Phillip led attacks on English settlements because they were in their territory.Then he formed an alliance with 2 other tribes.That destroyed many settlements.When King Phillip died the alliance fell apart and the colonists devastated the tribes. |
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