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legis. & court cases
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| U.S. Constitution | Supreme law of the United States that came into force in 1789 |
| Bill of Rights | First 10 amendments of the constitution |
| 1st Amendment | Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition |
| 2nd Amendment | Right to bear arms (own a gun) |
| 4th Amendment | |
| No unreasonable search or arrest without a warrant | |
| 5th Amendment | The right to remain silent and the right again double jeopardy |
| 6th Amendment | The right to a speedy and public trial and the right to an impartial jury |
| 7th Amendment | If property is taken from its owner that costs more than 20 dollars the government must pay them for it |
| 8th Amendment | Protection against excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishments |
| 10th Amendment | Any powers that are not given to the government, they don’t have |
| 13th Amendment | Slavery abolished |
| 14th Amendment | Rights of citizens 1. All persons born in the United States are citizens 2. No state can deny equal protection of the laws 3. No state can deny anyone life, liberty, or property without due process of law |
| 15th Amendment | No denial of voting because of race or previous condition of servitude |
| Pacific Railroad Act | series of acts of Congress that promoted the construction of a "transcontinental railroad" in the United States through authorizing the issuance of government bonds and the grants of land to railroad companies |
| Homestead Act | accelerated the settlement of the western territory by granting adult heads of families 160 acres of surveyed public land for a minimal filing fee and 5 years of continuous residence on that land |
| Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 | passed by Congress and signed by President Chester A. Arthur. This act provided an absolute 10-year moratorium on Chinese labor immigration. |
| Munn V. Illinois | case in which the U.S. Supreme Court upheld the power of government to regulate private industries |
| Dawes Act | authorized the President of the United States to survey Native American tribal land and divide it into allotments for individual Native Americans. Those who accepted allotments and lived separately from the tribe would be granted United States citizenship |
| Interstate Commerce Act | United States federal law that was designed to regulate the railroad industry, particularly its monopolistic practices. The Act required that railroad rates be "reasonable and just," but did not empower the government to fix specific rates |
| Sherman Antitrust Act | United States antitrust law that was passed by Congress under the presidency of Benjamin Harrison, which regulates competition among enterprises |
| 16th Amendment | The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source derived, without apportionment among the several States, and without regard to any census or enumeration. |
| 17th Amendment | The Senate of the United States shall be composed of two Senators from each State, elected by the people thereof, for six years; and each Senator shall have one vote. |
| 18th Amendment | called for the banning of the manufacture, sale, or transportation of alcoholic beverages |
| 19th Amendment | The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of sex. |
| Pendleton Act | United States federal law enacted in 1883 that mandated that positions within the federal government should be awarded on the basis of merit instead of political affiliation |
| Interstate Commerce Act | federal law that was designed to regulate the railroad industry, particularly its monopolistic practices |
| Pure Food and Drug Act | first of a series of significant consumer protection laws which was enacted by Congress in the 20th century and led to the creation of the Food and Drug Administration |
| Clayton Antitrust Act | part of United States antitrust law with the goal of adding further substance to the U.S. antitrust law regime; the Clayton Act sought to prevent anticompetitive practices in their incipiency |
| Open Door Policy | term in foreign affairs initially used to refer to the United States policy established in the late 19th century and the early 20th century that would allow for a system of trade in China open to all countries equally |
| Roosevelt Corollary | stated that not only were the nations of the Western Hemisphere not open to colonization by European powers, but that the United States had the responsibility to preserve order and protect life and property in those countries. |
Created by:
rettepeters
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