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6th grade SOL facts
99 facts required to know for 6th grade SOLs
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 1. Identify the seven geographical regions of the United States. | 1. Northeast, Southeast, Southwest, Midwest, Western, Pacific, noncontiguous |
| 2. Name the states of the Northeast Region. | 2. Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania |
| 3. Name the states of the Southeast Region. | 3. Maryland, Delaware, West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas |
| 4. Identify the states in the Southwest region. | 4. Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico,Arizona |
| 5. Identify the states in the Midwest region. | 5. Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota, North Dakota |
| 6. Name the western (Rocky Mountain) states. | 6. Colorado, Utah, Nevada, Montana, Wyoming, Idaho |
| 7. Name the Pacific states. | 7. Washington, Oregon, California, & sometimes Alaska & Hawaii |
| 8. Define noncontiguous and give two examples. | 8. not touching any of the 48 states on any boundary. Alaska & Hawaii. |
| 9. What are the physical features/climate of the Great Plains? | 9. Flatland that gradually rises as one travels further west.Land that is eroded by wind and water, low rainfall.Dust storms. |
| 10. What are some of the technological advances that changed the "treeless wasteland" or Great Plains? | 10. Barbed wire,Sod human, Railroad, Dry farming, Steel plows, Windmills |
| 11. What were the major reasons for western migration and settlement? | 11. Chance for land ownership (Homestead of 1864).Chance to become rich or wealthy (gold and/or silver. The Transcontinental Railroad made traveling to and getting supplies in the west much easier.New beginnings for former slaves.Adventure. |
| 12. What events ended the American Indian way of life on the Great Plains? | 12. Reservations Battle of Little Bighorn |
| 13. What are the reasons big business developed and prospered? | 13. Transportation advances linked products with national markets.AdvertisingLower production costs |
| 14. Who are John D. Rockefeller, Andrew Carnegie, and Henry Ford? | 14.They were known as "captains of industry"Rockefeller-oilCarnegie-steelFord-automobiles |
| 15. What factors led to the growth of industry? | 15. Financial resources(availability of moneyInventionsAvailable workforceAbility to obtain raw materials and access to energy |
| 16. How did workers respond to harsh working conditions during the late 1800s and early 1900s? | 16. Workers formed and joined unions (American Federation of Labor-AFL).Workers held strikes to show their disapproval of working conditions (Homestead Strike). |
| 17. What are the workplace reforms made during the Progressive Movement? | 17.Improved safety conditions within the workplace.Reduced working hours.Restrictions on child labor. |
| 18. Why did America become a country of cities? | 18. Specialized industries were built in large cities.Immigration.Cities offered more job opportunities. |
| 19. Why do immigrants from many countries come to the United States? | 19. Hope for better opportunities.Want religious freedom.Adventure.Escape oppressive governments. |
| 20. What led to overcrowded immigrant neighborhoods and tenements? | 20. Industrialization (industries built and becoming a major part of cities).Urbanization-(a location becomes a city). |
| 21. What are the positive influences of urbanization and industrialization? | 21. More jobs.Better wages and benefits.Improved standard of living (inventions).Better sanitation.Improved medical facilities. |
| 22. Who founded Hull House, a settlement house for immigrants in Chicago? | 22. Jane Addams |
| 23. Who was Susan B. Anthony? | 23. Leader of the women's suffrage movement (right to vote). |
| 24. Who invented the telephone? | 24. Alexander Graham Bell |
| 25. Who was Thomas Alva Edison? | 25. Inventor of mechanical uses of electricity (light bulb). |
| 26. Who was Booker T. Washington? | 26. A founder of Tuskegee Institute, Alabama (higher education for African Americans).African American believer in full political, civil, and social rights for African Americans.Felt that African Americans must speak out against discrimination. |
| 27. What are the characteristics of the "Jim Crow" laws? | 27. Laws that made discrimination practices legal. |
| 28. Why did many African Americans migrate north? | 28. Escape discrimination and violence in the South.Find better employment opportunities. |
| 29. What is the 18th Amendment to the United States Comstitution? | 29. Prohibition Amendment.Made the manufacture, sales, and transportation of alcohol illegal in the U.S. |
| 30. What is tne name for exaggerated headlines and news reports? | 30. yellow journalism |
| 31. What United States battleship exploded in Havana Harbor, Cuba? | 31. USS Maine |
| 32. What were the results of the Spanish-American War? | 32. Cuba gained independence/freedom from Spain.U.S. emerged/became world power.U.S. gained the territories of Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines. |
| 33. What was President Theodore Rossevelt's quote about America's military might as related to foreign policy? | 33. "America should 'speak softly but carry a big stick'" |
| 34. What English ship carrying American passengers was sunk by German U-boats? | 34. Lusitania |
| 35. Who was the United President during World War I and promoter of the League of Nations? | 35. Woodrow Wilson |
| 36. What is one reason the United States did not join the League of Nations? | 36. The U.S. wanted to return to its policy of isolationism and did not want to become involved in other nations affairs, foreign wars, or conflicts. |
| 37. What was Henry Ford's new method of building Model T cars? | 37. Assembly line. |
| 38. How did the automobile affect the social and economic life in America? | 38. Gave Americans greater mobility.Created more jobs.Allowed Americans to live in the suburbs and work in the city.Allowed transportation industries to grow (steel, glass, oil)along with road constructions (motels, gas stations, roadside diners (cafes) |
| 39. Who were Orville and Wilber Wright? | 39. Two brothers who made the first successful airplane flight in Kitt Hawk, N.C. on December 17, 1903. |
| 40. Who is Georgia O'Keeffe? | 40. Artist who painted urban or city scenes in her early career and painted scenes of the Southwest or desert areas in her later career. |
| 41. Who are two people responsible for major communication changes in the early 20th century? | 41. Guglielmo Macroni-radioDavid Sarnoff- broadcast industry |
| 42. Who is credited with the development of the radio? | 42. Guglielmo Marconi |
| 43. Who is credited with the communication change in industry and the development of broadcasting? | 43. David Sarnoff |
| 44. Who was a novelist who wrote about the Jazz Age of 1920? | 44. F. Scott Fitzgerald |
| 45. What novelist portrayed the strength of poor migrant workers during the 1930s? | 45. John Steinbeck |
| 46. Who were two composers, heavily influenced by Jazz music, who wrote uniquely American music during the 1920s abd 1930s? | 46. Aaron Copeland & George Gershwin |
| 47. What was the rebirth of arts and literature by African Americans? | 47. Harlem Renaissance |
| 48. Who were two key African Americans in art and literature during the Harlem Renaissance? | 48. Langston Hughes-Literary poet who combined African experiences and American cultural roots.Jacob Lawrence-Artist who painted about the Great Northern Migration experiences. |
| 49. Who are Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, and Bessie Smith? | 49. D.E.-jazz composer, piano player & big band leader.L.A.-jazz composer and trumpet player.B.S.-blues singer known as "Empress of the Blues". |
| 50. What were the results of prohibition? | 50. Speakeasies-bars or nightclubs that sold illegal alcohol.Bootleggers-people who supplied illegal alcohol. |
| 51. What is the stock market? | 51. a place where shares of companies may be bought & sold. |
| 52. Why did the United States support high tariffs? | 52. Raise revenue (money for government operation).Support isolationism.Protect the U.S. industries. |
| 53. What era of hardship began with the stock market crash of 1929? | 53. Great Depression |
| 54. What system failed to prevent the collapse of banks in the United States? | 54. The Federal Reserve System |
| 55. What was Franklin D. Roosevelt's plan to help America & Americans recover from the Great Depression? | 55. the New Deal |
| 56. What was Franklin D. Roosevelt's motto to get Americans to embrace the New Deal? | 56. "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself." |
| 57. What are some reasons for the Great Depression? | 57. Failure of the FRS.High tariffs(taxes) which strangled foreign trade.People over speculated on stocks, used borrowed money that they couldn't repay when the stock market crashed. |
| 58. What were the features of the New Deal? | 58. Social Security.Federal work programs.Farm assistance programs.Increased rights for labor. |
| 59. How did the Depression impact Americans? | 59. Banks & businesses failed.Unemployment was high.People were hungry & homeless.Income for farmers was low. |
| 60. What are some ways rural electrification changed rural life? | 60. Provided labor saving products.Provided electric lighting.Allowed Americans a source of entertainment.Improved communications. |
| 61. Who was the dictator of Nazi Germany? | 61. Adolph Hitler |
| 62. Who were the Allied leaders during World War II (WWII)? | 62. Winston Churchill(Great Britain)Joseph Stalin (USSR or Soviet Union)Presidents Franklin D. Roosevelt & Harry S. Truman (US) |
| 63. Who were Benito Mussolini and Hideki Tojo? | 63. B.M.-Fascists dictotor & leader of Italy during WWII.H.T.-military general & dictator who led Japan during WWII. |
| 64. Who were the Allied Powers during WWII? | 64. Great Britain.France.U.S.eventually the USSR or Soviet Union. |
| 65. What were some reasons for WWII? | 65. WWI left Europe politically unstable.WWI left Europe economically devastated or ruined.Rise of Fascism-political philosophy that gives all power to a dictator & individual freedoms are denied. |
| 66.What event started WWII? | 66. Invasion of Poland on Germany. |
| 67. What event brought the US into WWII? | 67. Japanese attacked Peral Harbor, Hawaii on December 7, 1941. |
| 68. What was the Holocaust? | 68. Adolph Hitler's attempt to rid Europe of all Jews. |
| 69. What was the turning point of WWII in the Pacific? | 69. Battle of Midway |
| 70. When was the Allied invasion of Normandy, France? | 70. June 6, 1944-know as D-Day |
| 71. What was the turning point of WWII in Europe? | 71. The Soviet Union's defeat of Germany at Stalingrad. |
| 72. Where did the U.S. drop two atomic bombs to end WWII? | 72. Kiroshima, JapanNagasaki, Japan |
| 73. What is a political philosophy in which total power is given to a dictator and individual freedoms are denied? | 73. Facism |
| 74. Where were most Jews housed during WWII? | 74. concentration camps |
| 75. How did WWII affect every aspect of American life? | 75. Ended the Great Depression.Caused the internment of many Japanese Americans.Led to the rationing and conservation of resources.Allowed women to join the workforce.Caused the end of some recial barriers. |
| 76.What provided educational, housing, and employment benefits for WWII veterans? | 76. Servicemen's Readjustment Act or GI Bill of Rights |
| 77. What was the "Baby Boom"? | 77. Population surge (50 million)after WWII that led to changing demographics of a group of people including age, gender, occupation, & income. |
| 78. What was the Marshall Plan? | 78. George C. Marshall's plan for rebuilding Europe after WWII |
| 79. What is the policy of containment? | 79. A means of not defeating communism but at the same time not allowing it to spread. |
| 80. What is the non-military battle between democracy and communism that emerged after WWII between the Soviet Union and the U.S? | 80. Cold War |
| 81. What is NATO? | 81. North American Treaty Organization-military alliance made up of Canada, the U.S., & ten western European countries who pledged to come to each others aid & defense if attacked from another nation. |
| 82. What are the three major conflicts that have occurred since WWII in which the U.S. played a major role? | 82. Korean WarCuban Missile CrisisVietnam War |
| 83. What is a stalemate? | 83. No winner; a tie; the way the Korean conflict ended |
| 84. What are the major differences in goals and ideologies between the United States and the Soviet Union? | 84. U.S. is democratic & capitalistic (any individual may own property or business) while the Soviet Union is dictatorial and communistic (only the government may own property or business) |
| 85. What was the Warsaw Pact? | 85. A military alliance that is the counterpart of NATO & led by the Soviet Union |
| 86. What organization was formed to maintain world security & peace? | 86. United Nations |
| 87. What are two reasons for the collapse of communism in Europe? | 87. Destruction of the Berlin Wall.Breakup of the Soviet Union into independent countries. |
| 88. What was the court case of Plessy vs. Ferguson? | 88.Supreme Court ruling that granted "separate but equal" status to students in public schools. |
| 89. Who was Rosa Parks? | 89. African American woman who refused to give up her seat to a white passenger on a bus in Montgomery, Alabama in 1955. |
| 90. What was the Brown vs. Board of Education court case? | 90. Supreme Court ruling that ended "separate but equal"; this case ended segregation & led to integration of public schools. |
| 91. What was the Civil Rights Act of 1964? | 91. Legislation or a law that led to increased educational, economic, and political opportunities for minorities. |
| 92. Who was the leader of passive resistance? | 92. Martin Luther King, Jr. (passive resistance is to peacefully resist segration & discrimination) |
| 93. What are three forms of nonviolent organized protesting? | 93. Sit-insMarchesFreedom Riders |
| 94. What is the famous quote by President John F. Kennedy in his inaugural address to the nation? | 94. "Ask not what your country can do for you, rather ask what you can do for your country." |
| 95. What is the Voting Rights Act or 1965? | 95. Legislation or a law that banned or put a stop to literacy tests & provided federal officials to ensure African Americans' right to vote. |
| 96. What is NOW? | 96. The National Organization for Women; it was part of the women's movement for "equal pay for equal work" |
| 97. What is the quote that calls for an end to the Iron Curtain? | 97. President Ronald Reagan said, "Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall!" |
| 98. What industries benefited from new technology? | 98. Computer IndustryInternetTelecommunication (satellite systems)Transportation (airlines/jets)EntertainmentNews MediaExploration of Space |
| #99. Who is W.E.B. DuBois? (This question should have been #27.) | #99. A founder of the NAACP, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People.African American who believed in full political, civil, & social rights for A.A. & felt that they must speak out against discrimination & fight for these rights. |
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