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Colonial Era
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Colony | Country or area controlled by another country |
Colonial Era | (1492-1776) Period when North and South America were colonized by European countries |
Native American Groups (SPANS) | Southwest, Plains, Arctic, Northeast, Southeast |
3 Major colonizers | Spain, England, France |
Mercantilism | Economic system in which countries build wealth by establishing colonies |
Encomienda | System of rule in which the king rewards leaders with the labor of conquered slaves |
Missions | Communities run by the Catholic Church (Spain). |
New Spain | Included Florida and the southwest |
St. Augustine | 1565 (Spain) First permanent European colony in the U.S. |
Santa Fe | 1609 (Spain) Oldest state capital in the U.S. |
New France | (Southern Canada and the US midwest) Name of region colonized by France. |
Northwest Passage | Water-route to Asia through the Northwest region of the Atlantic. |
Samuel de Champlain | Explorer of Canada, "Father of New France", established Quebec City. |
Huron | Native tribe north of St. Lawrence river. (Allied with French). |
Iroquois | Native tribes south of St. Lawrence river. (Allied with English). |
Vermont | Region on border between Huron/Iroquois/French/English lands. |
Jamestown | First permanent English settlement in America. Purpose: tobacco. |
Joint Stock Company | Company established by England to create colonies and earn profit. (Virginia Company, Plymouth Company). |
Pilgrims | Those who left the Anglican church and founded Plymouth (1620). |
Puritans | Those who wanted to reform the Anglican church and founded Massachusetts Bay Colony (1630). |
New Amsterdam/New York | Established by the Netherlands (Dutch) (Beaver Trade). |
Peter Minuit | Purchased Manhattan for Dutch |
Peter Stuyvescant | Racist mayor of New Amsterdam who ceded it in to English and ensured religious tolerance |
Genocide | The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. |
New Sweden, 1638 | Short-lived colony on Delaware River eventually controlled by Dutch, then English. |