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Colonial Era
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Colony | Country or area controlled by another country |
| Colonial era | (1492-1776) Period where North and South America were colonized by European countries |
| Native American Groups (SPANS) | Southwest, Plains, Arctic, Northeast, Southwest |
| Mercantilism | Economic system in which countries build wealth by establishing colonies |
| 3 major colonizers | Spain, England, France |
| Encomienda | System of rule in which the king rewards leaders with the labor of conquered slaves |
| Missions | Counities run by the Catholic church (Spain) |
| New Spain | Included Florida and the southwest |
| Huron | Native tribe north of St. Lawrence river (allied w French) |
| Iroquois | Native tribe south of St. Lawrence river (allied w English) |
| Vermont | Region on border between Huron/Iroquois, French/English |
| Jamestown | First permenant English settlement in America, (purpose = tobacco) |
| Joint stock company | Company established by England to create colonies and earn profit (Virginia company, Plymouth company) |
| Pilgrims | Those who left the Anglican church and formed Plymouth (1620) |
| Puritans | Those who wanted to reform the Anglican church and founded Massachusets bay colony (1630) |
| New Amsterdam | Established by the Netherlands(the Dutch) (Beaver trade) |
| Peter Minuit | Purchased Manhattan for Dutch |
| Peter Stuyvescant | Racist mayor of New Amsterdam who ceded it to English and ensured religous tolerance |
| Genocide | The deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation. |
| New Sweden, 1638 | Short lived colony on Delaware River. Eventually controlled by Holland, then England. |
| John Smith | Military leader who was key to Jamestown’s early survival |
| Pocahontas | Daughter to chief Powhatan/ally to Jamestown |
| Northwest Passage | Water route to Asia through the northwest region of the Atlantic |
| Samuel de Champlain | Explorer of Canada; “Father of New France,” Established Quebec City |
| New France | (Southern Canada and the U.S. mid-west) Name of region colonized by New France |
| St Augustine | 1565 (Spain): 1st permanent European colony in the New World |
| Santa Fe | 1609 (Spain): oldest capital city in the U.S. (New Mexico) |
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chants
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