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GOV.B.MST.MSSD.QSTNS
Government Final
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the three (3) economic systems that we discussed in class. | Socialism, Communism, & Capitalism. |
| Choose two (2) of the economic systems and explain one (1) way that they are alike and one (1) way they are different. | Socialism and Communism - in both of them, the government makes all of the major economic decisions. In Socialism, the government owns the means of production, but, in Communism, people are allowed to own the means of production. |
| List the three (3) systems of government that we learned about in this unit. | Federal, Unitary, & Confederacy. |
| Choose one (1) of the three (3) systems of government and explain it works. | Federal - Power is divided among the state and national government. |
| Explain the difference between Hobbes’ and Locke’s theories where the theories of the origins of the state were concerned. | Both believed Social Contract Theory. Hobbes believed people had to obey the government, regardless of whether people’s rights were protected. Locke believed that people could overthrow/ replace the government if the people’s rights weren't protected. |
| List the 4 theories of the origins of the state. | Divine Right Theory, Social Contract Theory, Evolutionary Theory, & Force Theory. |
| What is the difference between the terms politics and political science? | Politics = The name given to the effort to control of influence the way a government conducts itself or makes policies/ laws. Political Science = The study of politics and political behavior. |
| Explain what the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut were. | This was the first written constitution in the New World. |
| What are the four (4) purposes of government that we learned about in this unit? | 1. Maintain social order, 2. provide public services, 3. provide for national security and a common defense, 4. provide for and control the economic system. |
| Write the definition of the term nation in your own words. | A "nation" includes cultural aspects such as language and custom but not necessarily territorial boundaries. |
| Write the definition of the term state in your own words. | A political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government with the power to make and enforce laws without approval from any higher authority. |
| List one (1) of the three (3) purposes of having a constitution. | 1. It sets out ideals that the people bound by the constitution believe in and share; 2. It establishes the basic structure of gov. and defines the gov's. power & duties; 3. It provides the supreme law for the country. |
| What were the Articles of Confederation? | This was a document passed during the Second Continental Congress that "basically continued the structure and operation of government as established under the Second Continental Congress". |
| List one (1) of the successes of the Articles of Confederation. | 1.) The development of the lands west of the Appalachian Mountains; 2.) The passage of the Ordinance of 1785 (to survey and divide these lands); 3.) A peace treaty with Great Britain. |
| What was the relationship between Congress and state governments under the Articles of Confederation? | State governments had more power than Congress (which was functioning as the federal government). |
| Explain what the Intolerable Acts were. | This was another name for the Coercive Acts. This Act closed Boston Harbor and revoked Massachusetts’ right to govern itself. |
| Explain the difference between limited government and representative government. | Limited Government: "a government in which the power of the monarch, or government, is not absolute." Representative Government: "a government in which people elect delegates to make laws and conduct government". |
| List two (2) of the three (3) principles outlined in the Virginia Plan. | 1. Strong national legislature with 2 chambers that had the power to declare state laws unconstitutional; 2. Strong national executive to be chosen by the legislature; 3. A National judiciary (i.e. "court") appointed by the legislature. |
| List two (2) of the three (3) principles outlined in the New Jersey Plan. | 1. Congress would have the power to levy taxes; 2. A weak executive consisting of more than one person would be elected by Congress; 3. A national judiciary with limited power would be appointed by the executive. |
| What does the term ratify mean/ refer to? | This means “to approve”. |
| What are the two (2) ways that Constitutional Amendments can be proposed and approved? | 1.) Legislators in 3/4's of the states to ratify the Amendment; 2.) Each state calls a special ratifying convention; 3/4's of these conventions must approve it. |
| What was the Connecticut Compromise? | A compromise between the two plans that had been proposed (Virginia and New Jersey plans). It stated that the legislative branch of government would have two houses - a House and a Senate. State legislatures would elect Senators. |
| What was the Three - Fifths Compromise? | A compromise related to how slaves would be counted related to determining the number of representatives a state would have. Three-fifths of the enslaved people were to be counted for both tax purposes and for representation. |
| What did the Supreme Court case McCulloch vs. Maryland establish? | The “necessary and proper clause”. |
| What does the term impeach mean/refer to? | To accuse a federal official of a crime while they are still in office. |
| What are sunset laws? | These are laws that require periodic checks of government agencies to see if they are still needed. |
| What is the difference between restraint and a mandate where Congressional power over states is concerned? | Restraint: requirement set by Congress that prohibits a local or state government to exercise a certain power. Mandate: federal order require state to provide service/undertake a certain activity in a manner to meet minimum national standards Congress set |
| Complete the following sentence: “Powers granted to individual states are known as _______________________________________.” | Reserved Powers |
| What is the definition of the word inherent powers? | This term refers to powers "that the national government may exercise simply because it is the national government". |
| Explain what implied powers are | This term refers to "powers that the national government requires to carry out the powers that are expressly defined in the Constitution". |
| Where are reserved powers found in the Constitution? | These are listed in Article IV of the Constitution. |
| What does the states’ rights view believe about the United States Constitution? | Those who hold a states rights position favor state and local action in dealing with problems. |
| List the names of two (2) of the three (3) tests that the Supreme Court uses to set limits on free speech? | 1.) "Clear and Present Danger"; 2.) "Bad Tendency"; 3.) "Preferred Position". |
| List three of the four things that a court can do to restrain (or “limit”) press coverage in the interest of a fair trial. | 1.) Move the trial to reduce pretrial publicity; 2.) Limit the number of reporters in the courtroom; 3.) Put limits on reporter's behavior in the courtroom; 4.) Isolate witnesses & jurors from the press; 5.) Sequester the jury until trial is over. |
| What were Jim Crow Laws? | These were laws passed, mainly in Southern states, that kept African Americans “in a condition similar to servitude”. |
| What is the difference between denaturalization and expatriation? | Denaturalization is when someone has their citizenship taken away. Expatriation is when someone voluntarily gives up their citizenship. |
| List the name of the Amendment that prevents "cruel and unusual punishment"? | The 8th Amendment |
| List the name of the Amendment that prevents "self incrimination"? | The 5th Amendment |
| What two (2) types of trials MUST go to the Supreme Court? | 1.) Cases involving states; 2.) Cases involving the Constitution and the Amendments. |
| What is the Rational Basis Test? | Used be a Court to determine whether a state law is reasonably related to an acceptable goal of the government. |
| What was the Supreme Court's decision in the United States vs. O'Brien case? | The Supreme Court ruled that "a government can regulate or forbid expressive conduct if the regulation, 1.) Falls within the government's constitutional powers; & 2.) Leaves open ample alternative channels of communication. |
Created by:
sarah.brault
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