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HNRS HST UNIT 6 2020
Mr. Stickler's Liberty Christian HNRS HIST Unit 6 Test Flashcards 2020
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What does the term "Manifest Destiny" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to the idea that the United States was "destined" by God to expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific. |
| List the names of three (3) groups that supported "Manifest Destiny" and their reasons for supporting it. | 1.) Land speculators - Wanted to extend the nation's railroads into the west; 2.) Farmers - Wanted access to cheap farm land; 3.) Protestant leaders - Wanted to ensure a Protestant United States, not a Catholic Mexico controlling the continent. |
| Why did some Americans view American expansion as "simply wrong"? (HINT: This relates to "Manifest Destiny".) | Some did not want to become Americans because they thought that it would bring an end to their cultural identity (EX: Mexicans living in California before it was annexed). |
| Explain what each side received as part of the Adams - Onis Treaty of 1819. | 1.) U.S. - Got Florida and Spanish claims to Oregon; 2.) Spain - Got U.S. recognition of the Sabine River between U.S. Louisiana and Spanish Texas. |
| What does the term "Tejanos" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to people of Spanish or Mexican descent born in Texas. |
| What does the term "empresario" mean/ refer to? | An agent who received a land grant from the Spanish or Mexican government in return for organizing settlements. |
| List three (3) core principles of the Whig party. | 1.) Opposition to Andrew Jackson; 2.) A larger federal government; 3.) The creation of a Bank of the United States. |
| How did President van Buren contribute to "Indian removal"and "Manifest Destiny" in general? | He contributed to this by continuing President Jackson's Indian Removal policies, which had been enacted to facilitate "Manifest Destiny" ideals (i.e. westward expansion). |
| How does the "Webster - Ashburton Treaty" relate to "Manifest Destiny" in general? | It resolved the border with Canada as far west as Minnesota. |
| What was the "Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo"? | This ended the U.S. war with Mexico in 1848. |
| List two (2) conditions established by the "Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo". | 1.) Mexico was paid $15 million (but it went to its creditors); 2.) The U.S. gained all of Texas as far as the Rio Grande River and land farther west to California including San Diego. |
| Briefly explain the "California Gold Rush". | After gold was discovered in California in the mid - 1800's, thousands of people flocked to the state to try to find gold for themselves and "strike it rich". This produced millions of dollars in wealth for the region. |
| What did the "Kanagawa Treaty" do/ establish? | This was an agreement between the U.S. and Japan that opened two Japanese ports to U.S. trade, protected shipwrecked American sailors, & ended 200 years of isolation. |
| List the reasons why people emigrated from Europe and Asia to the U.S. | 1.) To build railroads; 2.) Fleeing from famine in their home countries; 3.) Fleeing to safety due to revolutions in their home countries; 4.) Take part in the "California Gold Rush". |
| List the names of the three (3) main ethnic groups in the U.S. in the 1840's. | 1.) Asians; 2.) Germans; 3.) Mexican Americans. |
| Why did people emigrate from China to the U.S. in the mid - 1800's? | This group of people emigrated to the U.S. due to overpopulation. Land had become scarce, rents soared, & peasants couldn't maintain their existence due to this. |
| What was the "Great Famine of 1845 - 1850"? | This was a period when a disease called "potato blight" spread across Ireland that caused mass starvation and immigration to the U.S. |
| How were Irish immigrants viewed by Protestant Americans once they arrived in the U.S.? | This group of people was viewed as an "inferior race" who practiced a "degrading religion" (i.e. Catholicism). |
| What was the "Know-Nothing Party"? | This was a political party formed from the remnants of the former Whig Party along with disaffected Northern Democrats as an anti-immigrant party. |
| What is one (1) way that U.S. citizens dealt with lawlessness and population explosion in Western towns in the mid - 1850's? | U.S. citizens dealt with this by creating "Committees of Vigilance" - groups of vigilantes who resorted to "extralegal" means (ex: public whippings) to assert law and order. |
| Briefly explain Denmark Vessey's goals for his revolt. | He & his supporters planned to burn important military and financial institutions in South Carolina, kill white residents, then seize weapons and gold caches. |
| What ultimately happened to Denmark Vessey's revolt? | He was betrayed and was never able to carry out his plan. |
| Briefly explain what happened during Nat Turner's slave revolt. | Turner and his forces killed over 60 slave-owning whites before state and federal troops defeated him. |
| What was the "Amistad" and how does it relate to slave revolts? | This was the name of a slave ship. Slaves took over the ship, killed the captain and some of the crew, and demanded that the ship sail back to Africa where they would be freed. |
| What was "The Liberator"? | This was the name of an abolitionist newspaper launched by William Lloyd Garrison in 1831. |
| What does the term "Oberlin Abolitionism" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to a type of abolitionism that emerged following a series of religious revivals held by Charles Grandison Finney in upstate New York in the 1820's. |
| What was the "Declaration of Rights and Sentiments"? | This was the name given to the series of resolutions passed during the Seneca Falls Convention that called for full equality, including the right to vote, for women. |
| Who were Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton? | They were the organizers of the Seneca Falls Woman's Rights Convention. |
| What tensions arose between women's rights advocates and antislavery efforts? | African American women were often reluctant to join anti-slavery societies created by white women because white women nearly always held all of the leadership positions in them. |
| What happened to the "Know-Nothing Party" in 1856? | Most members of this party joined the Republican party and formed "an uneasy alliance" with pro-immigrant faction of the party. |
| What was the "Crittenden Compromise"? | This is the name of the "last ditch" effort to amend the Constitution to protect slavery in the states where it existed. |
| What does the term "Californio" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "a person of Spanish descent - and, after 1821, citizen of Mexico - living in California". |
| What were two (2) reasons that some people opposed the idea of "Manifest Destiny"? | 1.) Antislavery advocates thought that acquiring new lands would mean new slave states: 2.) Proslavery advocates worried that acquiring new lands would mean more free states, which would take power away from slave states. |
| What was the "Alamo"? | This was a Franciscan Mission in San Antonio, Texas that was the site in 1836 of a siege and massacre of Texans by Mexican troops. |
| What does the term "gag rule" mean/refer to? | This term refers to "a procedural rule passed in the House of Representatives that prevented discussion of antislavery petitions from 1836 to 1844". |
| What does the term "specie circular" mean/ refer to? | This term refers to "a proclamation issued by President Andrew Jackson in 1836 that stated that only gold and silver could be used as payment for public land". |
| What was the Panic of 1837? | This was an economic depression brought on by temporary excesses in international trade & the inability of the U.S. to control the currency or make credit available after the closing of the 2nd Bank of the U.S. |
| What was the Webster - Ashburton Treaty? | This was a treaty signed by the U.S. & Great Britain in 1842 that settled a boundary dispute between the U.S. & Canada and provided for cooperation in suppressing the African slave trade. |
| What was the "Bear Flag Revolt"? | This was a revolt led by recent American immigrants who temporarily declared California to be an independent republic until U.S. forces took control of the territory. |
| What was the "Gadsden Purchase"? | This was the final acquisition of land in the continental U.S. that was completed in 1853 when the U.S. paid Mexico $10 million for a strip of land in what is now southern New Mexico and Arizona. |
| What is "hydraulic mining"? | This is a system in which high pressure streams of water are used to wash away dirt in the search for gold and other ores. |
| List one (1) environmental issue that the use of hydraulic mining caused? | One (1) issue that this caused was the overflow of rivers and streams due to the depositing of silt into them, which caused flooding of farm lands. |
| Who was Captain James Cook? | He was the first British explorer to reach the Hawaiian islands (1778). |
| What were "boomtowns"? | This was the name given to towns that formed when large numbers of people moved west during the Gold Rush. They seemed to spring up overnight. |
| What was life like in "boomtowns"? | These cities were often filled with crime, drinking, and gambling and were very dangerous. |
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