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Reformation Terms
Reformation Vocabulary Terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Protestant Reformation | A reform movement against the Roman Catholic Church that began in 1517; it resulted in the creation of Protestant churches |
Indulgences | Pardons issued by the pope that people could buy to reduce a soul’s time in purgatory |
Martin Luther | German preacher and biblical scholar (1483–1546); He attacked corrupt practices of the Catholic Church in the Ninety-five Theses, which he nailed to the church door in Wittenberg in 1517, sparking off the Protestant Reformation |
Theocracy | A government in which church and state are joined and in which officials are considered to be divinely inspired |
John Calvin | Christian reformer, he taught about predestination, living good lives, and obeying God’s laws |
Predestination | Holds that God knows who will be saved, even before people are born, and therefore guides the lives of those destined for salvation. Thus, nothing humans can do, either good or bad, will change their predestined end |
Henry VIII | Son of Henry VII and King of England from 1509 to 1547; his divorce from Catherine of Aragon resulted in his break with the Catholic Church in 1534 and the start of the Reformation in England (1491-1547) |
Elizabeth I | Queen of England from 1558 to 1603; daughter of Henry VIII and Anne Boleyn; she succeeded Mary I (who was a Catholic) and restored Protestantism to England; during her reign Mary Queen of Scots was executed and the Spanish Armada was defeated |
Jesuits | Members of a Catholic religious order created to serve the pope and the church |
Counter-Reformation | The effort of the late 1500s and 1600s to reform the Catholic Church from within; also called the Catholic-Reformation |