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Unit Three

TermDefinition
Articles of Confederation A document, adopted by the Second Constitutional Congress in 1777 and finally approved by the states in 1781, that outlined he form of government of the new United States
Confederation An alliance permitting states or nations to act together on matters of mutual concern
Land Ordinance of 1785 A law that establish a plan for surveying and selling the federally owned lands west of the Appalachian Mountains
Northwest Ordinance of 1787 A law that established a procedure for the admission of new states to the Union
Shays's Rebellion An uprising of debt-ridden Massachusetts farmers protesting increased state taxes in 1787
Virginia Plan A proposal by Virginia delegates for a bicameral legislative branch. The plan was drafted by James Madison while he waited for a quorum to assemble at the Constitutional Convention of 1787
New Jersey Plan A proposal for the structure of the United States Government presented by William Paterson at the Constitutional Convention on June 15, 1787
Great Compromise The Constitutional Convention's agreement to establish a two-house national legislature, with all stats having equal representation in one house and each state having representation based on its population in the other house
Roger Sherman An early American statesman and lawyer, as well as a Founding Father of the United States. ... He later signed both the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution
Three-Fifths Compromise The Constitutional Convention's agreement to count three-fifths of a state's slaves as population for purposes of representation and taxation
Electoral College A group selected by the states to elect the president and the vice-president, in which each state's number of electors is equal to the number of its senators and representatives in Congress
Federalism A political party in which a national government and constituent units, such as state governments, share powers
Separation of Powers An act of vesting the legislative, executive, and judicial powers of government in separate bodies
Checks and Balances The provisions in the U.S. Constitution that prevent any branch of the U.S. government from dominating the other two branches
Judicial Review The Supreme Court's power to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional
Republic A government in which the citizens rule through elected representatives
Whiskey Rebellion A tax protest in the United States beginning in 1791 and ending in 1794 during the presidency of George Washington, ultimately under the command of American Revolutionary war veteran Major James McFarlane. ... These farmers resisted the tax
Legislative Branch The branch of government that makes laws
Elastic Clause A statement in the U.S. Constitution (Article I, Section 8) granting Congress the power to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers
Executive Branch The branch of government that administers and enforces the laws
Judicial Branch The branch of government that interprets the laws and the Constitution
Ratification The official approval of the Constitution, or of an amendment, by the states
Federalists Supporters of the Constitution and of a strong national government
Anti-Federalists An opponent of a strong central government
The Federalists Papers A series of essays defending and explaining the Constitution, written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay
Bill of Rights The first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution, added in 1791 and consisting of a formal list of citizens' rights and freedoms
First Amendment Protects freedom of speech, freedom of religion, freedom of assembly, freedom of the press, and right to petition
Created by: sarah23me1
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