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Chapter 11
The Byzantine Empire, Russia and Eastern Europe
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| relic | a holy object |
| saint | a person who follows God's way |
| barbaric | not civilized |
| patriarch | a leader of the church |
| icon | a small picture of a saint or Jesus |
| monk | a member of a religious order |
| Cyrillic alphabet | the alphabet invented by Cyril and Methodius and used to translate the Bible into Slavic languages |
| boyar | a Russian noble who owned land |
| veche | the Russian assembly that represented all free, adult male citizens |
| Kremlin | the center of the Russian church and the Russian government |
| czar | the ruler of Russia, a Russian title that means "caesar" |
| literature | the written works that have lasting influence |
| Pope | the head of the Roman Catholic Church |
| Hippodrome | similar to Rome's Colosseum, chariot races were held in it |
| Constantinople | the capital of the Byzantine Empire (the Eastern Roman Empire), a Christian city, Justinian built 3 walls around it |
| Hagia Sophia | built by Justinian, it is one of the world's most beautiful churches, colored marble was used for the walls, floors and pillars |