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History 1305 -Test 2

Unit 2

QuestionAnswer
Middle Colonies Very diverse; mainly Protestants; Immigration; good farmlands & wheat crops.
Southern Colonies - Chesapeake Virginia & Maryland; tobacco; slaves; monocultural.
Southern Colonies - South Carolina & Georgia Rice & indigo; slaves; similar to Caribbean traditions.
Backcountry Pennsylvania, Virginia, North Carolina, & South Carolina; Native Americans; Germans & Scots-Irish.
Economic Development Navigation Acts (1660-1776); powerful England.
Great Awakening Church growth (1740s); new preaching styles; Old Lights & New Lights; ability to choose denomination; ability to choose "after-life"; no pre-destination.
Enlightenment Universe is ruled by a set of laws (gravity, etc.); Benjamin Franklin & Thomas Jefferson.
Population Natural increase; immigration growth.
Wars for Empire Mainly inconclusive; very expensive; lead to the "7 Years War".
7 Years War/French & Indian War 9-year war; 1750s- Colonists feel pressured due to population growth; Both French & Indians want land near West Virginia.
7 Years War/French & Indian War - Aftermath Huge land gain; huge debt; Pontus Rebellion
Navigation Acts 1660-1776; items needed to be shipped to England before being shipped anywhere else; taxation!
Pontus Rebellion 1763; Indian rebellion; leads to the "Proclamation of 1763".
Proclamation of 1763 New York through Georgia; all land to the west belongs to the Indians.
Stamp Act 1765; needed to raise money to clear debts; imposed taxes on newspapers, marriage licenses, legal documents, etc.
Townshend Duties 1767; direct & indirect taxation; Benjamin Franklin proposed enforcement of indirect tax by England.
Tea Act 1773; enforced tax on tea.
Stamp Act Riots 1765; "taxation without representation" protest; mobs; attacks.
Boycotts 1770; due to the Townshend Acts.
Boston Massacre 1770; fight between foreign troops & settlers; 5 total deaths.
Boston Tea Party 1773; "Sons of Liberty" toss all English tea out into the ocean; wanted to prevent people from purchasing it.
Common Sense Pamphlet 1776; Monarchy makes no sense; everyone wants a Republican government; everyone will be happy.
Conditions for Victory: Americans Retreating (making the English chase after them); French assistance.
Conditions for Victory: British Army is trapped and everntually surrenders (1781); moving from Middle Colonies to South Colonies.
1775 War begins!
1776 Independence declared!
1777 Articles of Confederation proposed
Articles of Confederation Need unanimous agreement; have no money; has little authority.
1780 Massachusetts Constitution ratified
1781 War ends!
1783 Treaty signed; Articles of Confederation are ratified.
1786 Shays's Rebellion
Shays's Rebellion Uprising in Western Massachusetts.
1787 Constitutional Convention
Conflict with First State Governments Unresolved conflict due to the Articles of Confederation; no national government; all states are sovereign & powerful; need to tighten executive authority & expand legislative power.
Northwest Ordinance 1787; changed land into states; did not want to replicate the colonies; very anti-colonial; no slavery; very equal.
Republicanism Governing a nation as a republic, where the head of state is elected (not hereditary); stresses liberty & rights as central values, makes the people as a whole sovereign, rejects inherited political power, and expects citizens to perform civil duties.
Federalists Arguing against the Articles of Confederation; wanted a new constitution; wanted a stronger national government.
Antifederalists Opposed a new constitution; argue that the central governing authority should not be equal or inferior to that of the states; state governments should be more powerful.
1788 New Constitution!!!
Created by: kserrano005
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