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Westward Migration
USII.4
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| adaptation | to change something (environment) so it suits your needs |
| barbed wire | spiked metal fencing used to close the open range (to keep cattle contained) at a low cost; a source of range wars |
| Battle of Wounded Knee | major war on the Great Plains - 150 Lakota Indians (men, women, and children) were killed by Federal (U.S.) troops - often called “the massacre of Wounded Knee" - Indians lost the battle to U.S. Troops |
| Chief Joseph | leader of the Nez Perce Indian tribe; led his people to freedom in Canada - Famous quote is: “I will fight no More Forever" - he died of natural causes living on a reservation |
| Chisholm Trail | established by Jesse Chishom for cattle drives from San Antonio, Texas, to Abilene, Kansas |
| dry farming | a method of farming which allowed farmers on the Great Plains to grow certain crops (such as wheat) with less water |
| exoduster | a large group of settlers (Southern African Americans) who went to the West in late 1800s |
| expansion | to expand or broaden |
| General George Custer | fought Sitting Bull and the Sioux Indians for Black Hills gold - died in the Battle of Little Bighorn (Custer’s Last Stand) |
| Geronimo | an Apache Indian warrior who was admired for his ability to escape the U.S. soldiers - he surrendered in 1886, was captured, and died in captivity |
| The Great Plains | vast grassland that gently slopes from East to West - located in the states of Montana, North and South Dakota, Wyoming, Nebraska, Kansas, Colorado, Oklahoma, Texas and New Mexico |
| The Homestead Act | a law passed in 1862 to encourage settlement in the West - the government gave 160 acres of land to farmers if they agreed to live on it for 5 years |
| invention | something new or new technology used to adapt environment to suit the pioneers’ needs |
| Battle of Little Bighorn | worst defeat of U.S. Army in the West and killed General Custer - it was the Sioux tribe’s last victory led by Sitting Bull and Crazy Horse against General Custer - fighting over gold in the Black Hills |
| migration | the movement of people from one region to another |
| policy | laws, treaties, or rules |
| reservations | Federal lands set aside for American Indians - they were forced to live on them |
| Sitting Bull | Sioux leader in Black Hills/Dakota Territory - led his people into the Battle of Little Bighorn (victory) - killed by police during a Ghost Dance |
| sod homes | homes of the Great Plains - built using bricks of dried grass/dirt |
| sodbuster | name given to farmers on the Great Plains and the plows they used to break up the tough sod |
| steel plow | invention used in the Great Plains to bust up the ground (sod) so farmers could use the soil for farming |
| Transcontinental Railroad | railroad that crossed the continental United States connecting the East to the West |
| treaty | an agreement between the government and another group |
| windmill | technology used in plains to help pull water from the ground to irrigate the dry soil. |
Created by:
jbonini
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