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Industrialization
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What did Alexander Graham Bell invent ? | Invented the telephone |
| Who is Andrew Carnegie ? | Scottish Immigrant who made a fortune in the Steel Industry. He donated tons of money to various causes |
| why did they get this name Captains of Industry ? | Name given to Industrialists who were perceived in a positive way |
| What did Christopher Sholes invent? | Invented the typewriter |
| Credit Mobilier | Construction Company that stole railroad $ for its shareholders (Corrupt , major scandal) |
| The Wizard of Menlo | Nickname for Thomas Edison |
| Why did americans move to cities in the late 1800s ? | To find work |
| What was the Bessemer process? | It was a process that made removing the impurities in steel easing, cheaper and faster. |
| What is vertical integration? | Gaining control of the many different business that makeup all phases of product's development. |
| What is Social Darwinism? | The strongest companies will survive, the weaker ones won't. Same is true with individuals |
| What is a monopoly? | When one company controls the market. Very little competition |
| What did the Sherman Antitrust act do? | It outlawed any combination of companies that restrained interstate, trade, or commerce. it made it illegal to do anything that lessons competition such as trying to make a monopoly, and price fixing. |
| What caused the Pullman strike? How did it expand? How did it end? | Reductions in wages, terrible conditions, working hours, cut jobs. workers protested, which led to violence. since the workers were a part of a union, the strike spread. |
| Triangle Shirtwaist Factory | Major fire, 146 female workers died. (dangerous conditions in the factory |
| Describe the working conditions/typical workday in the factories | 10-12hrs, 6 days a week, dangerous, loud, pour lighting, ventilation, white lung disease |
| Sherman Anti-Trust Act | Made Monopolies illegal |
| Scabs | People who crossed the picket line |
| Robber Barons | What people called the industrialists who they thought took advantage of people and engaged in unfair business practices |
| Pullman, Illinois | Built by the Pullman Company to house its workers |
| Patents | made ownership of inventions |
| Eugene Debs and Sammy Gompers | Major Union leaders |
| For what things were the early unions fighting? | wages, safer working conditions, 8 hour days, child labor laws |
| What caused the Pullman strike? How did it expand? How did it end? | Other unions wanted to help. train workers refused to work on train cars that had a pullman car attached. mail then wasn't getting delivered, Pullman lowered wages but not rent in the town. gov't got involved, and President Cleveland shut it down |
| Munn v. Illinois | Court Case that upheld the governments right to regulate private businesses |
| Mary Harris "Mother" Jones | She helped to organized coal miners to fight for bETTER working conditions |
| Labor Union | Workers that join together to get their demands met |
| John D. Rockefeller | Founded Standard Oil. At one point Rockefeller controlled 90% of the oil business |
| Interstate Commerce Act | Gave the right for the Federal Government to supervise the Railroads. |
| The Haymarket Riot | a protest rally against the national demonstration. in chicago there were speeches about fairness, when someone through a bomb into the crowd of police and killed 7 cops 4 anarchists. tried for conspiracy to commit murder. |
| For what things were the early unions fighting? | wages, safer working conditions, 8 hour days, child labor laws |
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