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UNIT 5
US History - Standards 11-14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Patent | grant of property rights to an inventor for 20 years |
| Thomas Edison | American inventor with over 1,000 patents; invented electric light bulb |
| Monopoly | one company that eliminates competition and controls an entire product |
| John D. Rockefeller | American businessesman; created monopoly out of Standard Oil |
| Standard Oil | monopoly on the oil refining business; Rockefeller |
| Trust | a group of businesses with the same product controlled by one person or group |
| Andrew Carnegie | American businessman; founder of U.S. Steel |
| Samuel Gompers | Founder of the American Federation of Labor |
| mass production | the manufacture of large quantities of products, frequently using assembly line |
| collective bargaining | to negotiation wages or other conditions of employment by a labor union |
| Labor union | an organization of workers that relies on collective bargaining or striking to get companies to meet demands of better pay and working conditions |
| Ellis Island | immigration processing center in New York Harbor (east coast) |
| Angel Island | immigration processing center in California (west coast) |
| Nativity | people who viewed the fast-growing immigrant population as dangerous to the American political system |
| Sitting Bull | Native American chief who led resistance against the U.S. government; was killed while being placed under arrest |
| Battle of Little Big Horn | battle fought in the Great Sioux War that resulted in the death of most of the U.S. cavalry unit; victory for natives |
| Wounded Knee | Massacre of approximately 300 Lakota Sioux; marked the end of Native American resistance to white settlers' expansion |
| Transcontinental Railroad | railroad spanning from the east to the west coast of the U.S.; Marked end of Manifest Destiny |
| Jim Crow Laws | Laws passed in Southern states to ensure segregation in public facilities |
| Progressivism | people that strengthened American democracy through social & political reforms; against corruption in government and business |
| Muckraker | Someone who exposed corruption and hidden problems in society; usually a journalist |
| Jacob Riis | muckraker; photojournalist; "How the Other Half Lives"; exposed unhealthy living conditions of immigrants in tenement houses |
| Jane Addams | women's/civil rights activist & founder of Hull House - a place that provided services & education to immigrants |
| Plessy v Ferguson | Supreme Court case which ruled that separate facilities were fair, as long as "equal" facilities |
| initiative | Reform which allowed voters to PROPOSE laws which they would like to see passed -sign my initiative- |
| referendum | Reform which allows voters to PASS laws without the legislature |
| recall | voters to remove politicians from office who are unsatisfactory before their term ends |
| Upton Sinclair | muckraker; The Jungle; exposed poor working conditions for immigrants; sparked the Pure Food and Drug Act |
| Ida Tarbell | muckraker; exposed Standard Oil's unfair business practices |
| 17th Amendment | established popular election of U.S. senators |
| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) | founded by W.E.B. DuBois & others to fight for promised rights legally; challenged Jim Crow laws in courts |
| Conservation Movement | A push to protect the environment, while also using nature for recreation |
| Imperialism | a policy of extending a country's power through diplomacy or force; spreading democracy |
| Spanish-American War | fought between Spain and US; Cuba gained independence; US gains Puerto Rico, Guam, & the Philippines |
| Yellow Journalism | US press exaggerating facts about conditions in Cuba to turn people against Spain |
| USS Maine | American battleship sunk off the coast of Cuba; became rallying cry for war with Spain |
| Philippine-American War | US defeats Filipino uprising after become American territory from 1902-1946 |
| Panama Canal | Connected the Atlantic to the Pacific; shortened the travel time by ship between the East and West coast of the U.S. |
| Theodore Roosevelt | 26th US president; Big Stick Diplomacy; Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine; established national parks; progressive reformer (Pure Food & Drug Act) |
| Roosevelt Corollary | addition to Monroe Doctrine: Europeans were not welcome in Latin America and the U.S. would oversee the collection of any national debts owed by Latin American nations to Europeans |
| "Big Stick Diplomacy" | “Speak softly and carry a big stick”; Negotiate then use military force in necessary. |
Created by:
sdevans
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