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8.1 Colonization
European Exploration & Colonization
Term | Definition |
---|---|
mercantilism | economic theory that led European countries to exploit the natural resources of their colonies in order to export more products than they imported |
the 3 goals of European exploration and colonization? | God, Gold & Glory |
"God" | the desire to spread Christianity to North America |
"Gold" | the desire for wealth/gold |
"Glory" | patriotism and the desire to create powerful empires |
France | colonized North America from the Mississippi Valley region northward through the Great Lakes and into Quebec/Canada |
Spain | colonized South & Central America, and into the southwest area of North America |
England | colonized eastern coast of N. America |
Columbian Exchange | The transfer of plants, animals, cultural traits, food, people, etc. between Europe and the "new world" (N. America) beginning in the 1500s |
Northwest Passage | An all-water route across N. America and through the Pacific O. to Asia that would help Europeans access a shorter trade route; it did not exist |
Native Americans | negatively impacted after European exploration and colonization in N. America, including warfare, enslavement, and the death of millions after exposure to disease |
surplus population | occurs in Europe following the increased food products that are available as a result of the Columbian Exchange; becomes another motivation for colonization |