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CPHQ-2-Sampling Type
Definitions/Examples Types of Sampling
Term | Definition | Examples | Probabilty vs Nonprobability |
---|---|---|---|
simple random sampling | everyone has an equal chance of being chosen | pulling a name out of a hat containing all possible names | probability (random) sampling, representative of the population |
systematic sampling | after randomly selecting the 1st case, draw every nth element from a population | picking every 3rd name from a list of possible names | probability (random) sampling, representative of the population |
stratified random sampling | after population is divided into two or more like (homogeneous) subpopulations, each member of a subpopulation has an equal probability of being selected | strata (subpopulation) by sex, ethnicity, patients with certain diseases, or patients living in certain parts of the country | probability (random) sampling, representative of the population |
cluster sampling | requires that the population be divided into groups | if studying medical students…may only have a list of medical schools in the area…sample randomly derived from this list of medical schools | probability (random) sampling, representative of the population |
convenience sampling | allows for use of any available group of subjects | surveying members of an elder organization to capture opinions of all elders | nonprobability (nonrandom) sampling, selected subjects may not reflect the population |
snowball sampling | subjects suggest other subjects for inclusion (subgroup of convenience sampling) | subjects are recruited based on an informal network (subgroup of convenience sampling) | nonprobability (nonrandom) sampling, selected subjects may not reflect the population |
purposive or judgment sampling | selects groups based on certain criteria based on researchers judgment about who is representative of the population | using a group of nurses to represent a cross-section of women (as determined by researchers subjective opinion) | nonprobability (nonrandom)sampling, selected subjects may not reflect the population |
quota sampling | researcher makes a judgment decision about the best type of sample to use, pre-specifying characteristics to increase its representativeness | researcher pre-specifies characteristics of the sample to increase its representativeness | nonprobability (nonrandom)sampling, selected subjects may not reflect the population |
expert sampling | selecting experts in each area because of their access to the information relevant to the study | used in the Delphi technique (send several rounds of questions to experts to reach rapid group consensus) | nonprobability (nonrandom)sampling, selected subjects may not reflect the population |