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SS-AncientGreece9-16

7th Grade S.S. Ancient Greece Unit Flashcards 9-16

TermDefinition
The Trojan War This is a war written down in the Iliad by Homer. It lasted for ten years between the years of 1200 BCE and 1190 BCE and was the siege of Troy. It happened because the Greeks wanted to control the trade and colonization of the region (Troy).
The Trojan War continued Also, Troy was a major trade center due to its location, which was between the Black and Aegean Seas. It was the only connection between the two seas. The result was that Troy ended up being destroyed. All the citizens were either killed or enslaved.
The Trojan War continued 2 Since the Greeks controlled the major trade route of the region now, they returned with more resources, power, and money.
Hellespont The only connection between the Black and Aegean Seas. This made it a huge trade center.
Homer He was a bard, which is a traveling, singing poet. They traveled from place to place singing about Greek myths that talked about their gods, heroes, and goddesses. He lived in ancient Greece and lived around 700-800 BCE.
Homer continued Also, his most famous ancient Greek epic poems are the Iliad (which had 16,000 lines of text!) and the Odyssey.
Persian Wars This war happened following the Ionian Revolt. The Ionian Revolt happened about half a century after the Persian Empire conquered the Greek colonies. In 199BCE, the Ionians revolted with some help from the Athenian navy.
Persian Wars continued Additionally, there were three major battles in these wars. They were the Battle of Marathon, Thermopylae, and Salamis. The Athenians won the Battle of Marathon and Salamis, and ended up winning the war, while the Persians won the Battle of Thermopylae.
Persian Wars continued 2 Most of the time, the Greeks specifically picked a narrow space so that the Persians couldn't use their calvary. They also did this to reduce the numerical advantage the Persians had, and instead, evened it out. Greeks also had smart battle plans.
Phalanx It was a battle strategy that many of the Greeks used, especially the Spartans. It involved overlapping shields with spears sticking out right above them. Whenever one person died, someone from the second row would step up and replace him.
Battle of Marathon: outcome of and Greek strategy The outcome was that the Greeks won this battle. The leader for the Persians was Darius, while the leader of the Greeks was Miltiades. The battle took place between two mountains where the Greeks wedged their army.
Battle of Marathon: outcome of and Greek strategy continued The Greeks used the unfamiliar geography against the Persians and baited them. They drew in the Persians to their purposely weakened center. The Persians immediately rushed in and ended up being surrounded by the Greeks.
Darius The leader of the Persians during the Battle of Marathon. He was Xerxes's father and sailed to Marathon in hopes of getting revenge on Athens for helping the Ionians revolt against him. He ended up losing the battle since they fell into the Greek's trap.
Darius continued He died before he could try again.
Miltiades Leader of the Greeks during Battle of Marathon. He located the them between two mountains in the marsh to ensure that the numbers didn't matter as much. He also challenged the Persians to a fight right after they had been sailing for many weeks (dizzy).
Miltiades continued He came up with the plan to weaken the center so that the Persians would quickly rush in thinking it was a victory. However the outer parts of the army would surround them, forcing the Persians to surrender. They were outnumbered almost 3-1. (still won!)
Created by: nkornchankul
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