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Ch19 History Test

Study Here!!

QuestionAnswer
consolidation the practice of combining separate companies into one
standard gauge the uniform width of 4 feet, 8.5 inches for railroad tracks, adopted in the 1880s
rebate discount or return or part of a payment
pool a group sharing in some activity, for example, among railroad barons who made secret agreements and set rates among themselves
assembly line a production system with machines and workers arranged so that each person performs an assigned task again and again as the item passes before him or her
mass production the production of large quantities of goods using machinery and often an assembly line
corporation a business in which investors own shares
stock shares of ownership a company sells in its business which often carry voting power
shareholders a person who invests in a corporation by buying stock and is a partial owner
dividends a stockholder's share of a company's profits, usually as a cash payment
horizontal integration the combining of competing firms into one corporation
trust a combination of firms by a legal agreement that reduces competition
monopoly total control of an industry by one company
vertical integration combining of companies that supply services and equipment needed
philanthropy a charitable act to benefit the community
merger the combining of two or more companies
sweat shop a shop or factory where worker work long hours for low wages under unhealthy conditions
trade union organization of workers with the same trade or skill
collective bargaining discussion between an employer and union representatives of workers over wages, hours, and working conditions
strike breakers person hired to replace a striking worker
injunction a court order to stop an action, such as a strike
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