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7th -Unit 3.3 Africa
SS7H1 History
Term | Definition |
---|---|
F. W. de Klerk | Elected as the last white South African president in 1989. He legalized the African National Congress (ANC) and also released Nelson Mandela from prison, which started a new era in South Africa and ended apartheid. |
Scramble for Africa | The invasion, occupation, colonization, and annexation of Africa's territory by European powers during the New Imperialism period between 1881 and 1914. |
nationalism | a strong belief in one's own country. |
assimilation | giving up one's customs and adopting those of another country. |
colonization | the movement of settlers and their culture to a new country or territory. |
African National Congress (ANC) | Formed by black Africans in 1912 to fight for their rights. They organized strikes & boycotts to protest racist policies. Nelson Mandela was a leader of the organization. |
imperialism | a policy in which a strong nations seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically. |
Nelson Mandela | leader of the African National Congress who was jailed for his opposition to apartheid in South Africa; he later elected president in 1994 when free elections were established. |
civil war | wars that happen between people within one country; usually fought for control of the government. |
artificial political boundaries | people brought together that had previously belonged to separate tribes or countries; splitting of ethnic groups that had historically been united; drawn with no respect for Africa's internal borders. |
indirect rule | British and other colonial procedures through which "natives" were used to carry out colonial rule. |
Apartheid | discrimination based on one's race or color of one's skin; happened in South Africa. |
Pan-African Movement | movement which began in the 1920's that emphasized the unity and strength of African's on the main continent and people of African descent around the world. |
partitioning | act of dividing: used to describe what was done to Africa by the Europeans during the time of colonization of Africa. |
embargo | refusing (stopping) trade with another country; happened to the Union of South Africa in opposition to Apartheid. |